bug#22392: 25.0.50; NS Emacs run from OS X GUI doesn't set locale

[Alan Third]

When Emacs is run from the OS X GUI (the dock, spotlight, finder, etc.)
in OS X it doesn't set the locale correctly.

Here's the output of C-h C RET on my machine with no user configuration:

Coding system for saving this buffer:
  Not set locally, use the default.
Default coding system (for new files):
  nil
Coding system for keyboard input:
  = -- no-conversion (alias: binary)

Coding system for terminal output:
  nil
Coding system for inter-client cut and paste:
  nil
Defaults for subprocess I/O:
  decoding: U -- utf-8-unix (alias: mule-utf-8-unix)

  encoding: U -- utf-8-unix (alias: mule-utf-8-unix)


Priority order for recognizing coding systems when reading files:
  1. utf-8 (alias: mule-utf-8)
  2. iso-2022-7bit 
  3. iso-latin-1 (alias: iso-8859-1 latin-1)
  4. iso-2022-7bit-lock (alias: iso-2022-int-1)
  5. iso-2022-8bit-ss2 

I've snipped off the rest, if you want it I can provide it.

Emacs relies on LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE or LANG being set, and OS X's terminal
application sets the LANG environment variable. OS X doesn't set any of
these variables when the application is run from the GUI.

Additionally, Emacs detects when it's being run from the OS X terminal
(mule-cmds.el line 2722) and hard-codes some settings.

The Windows version of Emacs has a similar problem and solves this by
running an "init_environment" function from main in emacs.c that uses
the Windows APIs to set the LANG variable. (as described at
https://debbugs.gnu.org/cgi/bugreport.cgi?bug=3221#32)

I've written a patch that copies this functionality but for NextStep.
c-h C RET gives:

Coding system for saving this buffer:
  Not set locally, use the default.
Default coding system (for new files):
  1 -- iso-latin-1-unix (alias: iso-8859-1-unix latin-1-unix)

Coding system for keyboard input:
  1 -- iso-latin-1-unix (alias: iso-8859-1-unix latin-1-unix)

Coding system for terminal output:
  1 -- iso-latin-1-unix (alias: iso-8859-1-unix latin-1-unix)

Coding system for inter-client cut and paste:
  nil
Defaults for subprocess I/O:
  decoding: U -- utf-8-unix (alias: mule-utf-8-unix)

  encoding: U -- utf-8-unix (alias: mule-utf-8-unix)


Priority order for recognizing coding systems when reading files:
  1. iso-latin-1 (alias: iso-8859-1 latin-1)
  2. utf-8 (alias: mule-utf-8)
  3. iso-2022-7bit 
  4. iso-2022-7bit-lock (alias: iso-2022-int-1)
  5. iso-2022-8bit-ss2 

Which looks better to me. It also gives me A4 paper instead of legal and
ispell/hunspell is better behaved.

0001-Set-locale-when-run-from-OS-X-GUI.patch
Description: NS environment patch

In GNU Emacs 25.0.50.1 (x86_64-apple-darwin15.2.0, NS appkit-1404.34 Version 
10.11.2 (Build 15C50))
 of 2016-01-16 built on galloway.idiocy.org
Repository revision: a0d5b7ae3bb014bb0b1c205d123c597df0e76411
Windowing system distributor 'Apple', version 10.3.1404
Configured features:
JPEG IMAGEMAGICK ACL LIBXML2 ZLIB TOOLKIT_SCROLL_BARS NS

Important settings:
  locale-coding-system: utf-8

Major mode: Text

Minor modes in effect:
  global-flycheck-mode: t
  flycheck-mode: t
  show-paren-mode: t
  tooltip-mode: t
  global-eldoc-mode: t
  electric-indent-mode: t
  mouse-wheel-mode: t
  file-name-shadow-mode: t
  global-font-lock-mode: t
  font-lock-mode: t
  blink-cursor-mode: t
  auto-composition-mode: t
  auto-encryption-mode: t
  auto-compression-mode: t
  column-number-mode: t
  line-number-mode: t
  transient-mark-mode: t

Recent messages:
.emacs.d/elpa/seq-20151028.759/seq.el: Pattern t is deprecated.  Use `_' 
instead [4 times]
For information about GNU Emacs and the GNU system, type C-h C-a.
Quit
Making completion list...
Quit
Making completion list...

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Features:
(shadow sort mail-extr emacsbug message dired format-spec rfc822 mml
mml-sec epg gnus-util mm-decode mm-bodies mm-encode mail-parse rfc2231
mailabbrev gmm-utils mailheader sendmail rfc2047 rfc2045 ietf-drums
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paredit-autoloads quack-autoloads queue-autoloads typopunct-autoloads
info package epg-config wombat-theme cl-seq unichar easy-mmode
powershell-mode derived compile comint ansi-color ring speedbar sb-image
ezimage dframe easymenu edmacro kmacro cl-loaddefs pcase cl-lib windmove
paren server time-date mule-util tooltip eldoc electric uniquify
ediff-hook vc-hooks lisp-float-type mwheel ns-win ucs-normalize
term/common-win tool-bar dnd fontset image regexp-opt fringe
tabulated-list newcomment elisp-mode lisp-mode prog-mode register page
menu-bar rfn-eshadow timer select scroll-bar mouse jit-lock font-lock
syntax facemenu font-core frame cl-generic cham georgian utf-8-lang
misc-lang vietnamese tibetan thai tai-viet lao korean japanese eucjp-ms
cp51932 hebrew greek romanian slovak czech european ethiopic indian
cyrillic chinese charscript case-table epa-hook jka-cmpr-hook help
simple abbrev minibuffer cl-preloaded nadvice loaddefs button faces
cus-face macroexp files text-properties overlay sha1 md5 base64 format
env code-pages mule custom widget hashtable-print-readable backquote
cocoa ns multi-tty make-network-process emacs)

Memory information:
((conses 16 292894 11471)
 (symbols 48 27242 0)
 (miscs 40 65 228)
 (strings 32 44073 8751)
 (string-bytes 1 1326190)
 (vectors 16 43065)
 (vector-slots 8 757477 4748)
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 (buffers 976 14))

-- 
Alan Third