Conversion between gregorio and lilypond is a relevant topic for me too.
Some time ago I started working on it -
https://github.com/igneus/lygre - and for now there is grely, a Ruby script translating gabc to simple lilypond (simplified modern notation, not the quadratic notation also supported by lilypond).
Now I see the installation instructions on github are outdated. I will try to update them ASAP. The lygre package is now available as a Ruby gem, which is more convenient to install and use.
I'm not sure if grely as it is now would be of any use for you, Joram. If you have any wishes what more it could do, feel free to express them. In the future I might get back to grely and implement some of them.
Crash- and bug-reports are also welcome.
Some kind of lilypond to gabc translator is also planned, because I have a huge corpus of chants written in Lilypond that I would eventually like to be able to convert to gabc.
Regards,
Jakub