This patch adds qemu device assignment support using the proposed
VFIO/UIOMMU kernel interfaces. The existing KVM-only device assignment
code makes use of various pci sysfs files for config space, MMIO BAR
mapping, and misc other config items. It then jumps over to KVM-specific
ioctls for enabling interrupts and assigning devices to IOMMU domains.
Finally, IO-port support uses in/out directly. This is a messy model
to support and causes numerous issues when we try to allow unprivileged
users to access PCI devices.
VFIO/UIOMMU reduces this to two interfaces, /dev/vfioX and /dev/uiommu.
The VFIO device file provides all the necessary support for accessing
PCI config space, read/write/mmap BARs (including IO-port space),
configuring INTx/MSI/MSI-X interupts and setting up DMA mapping. The
UIOMMU interface allows iommu domains to be created, and via vfio,
devices can be bound to a domain. This provides an easier model to
support (IMHO) and removes the bindings that make current device
assignment only useable for KVM enabled guests.
Usage is similar to KVM device assignment. Rather than binding the
device to the pci-stub driver, vfio devices need to be bound to the
vfio driver. From there, it's a simple matter of specifying the
device as:
-device vfio,host=01:00.0
This example requires either root privileges or proper permissions on
/dev/uiommu and /dev/vfioX. To support unprivileged operation, the
options vfiofd= and uiommufd= are available. Depending on the usage
of uiommufd, each guest device can be assigned to the same iommu
domain, or to independent iommu domains. In the example above, each
device is assigned to a separate iommu domain.
As VFIO has no KVM dependencies, this patch works with or without
-enable-kvm. I have successfully used a couple assigned devices in a
guest without KVM support, however Michael Tsirkin warns that tcg
may not provide atomic operations to memory visible to the passthrough
device, which could result in failures for devices depending on such
for synchronization.
This patch is functional, but hasn't seen a lot of testing. I've
tested 82576 PFs and VFs, an Intel HDA audio device, and UHCI and EHCI
USB devices (this actually includes INTx/MSI/MSI-X, 4k aligned MMIO
BARs, non-4k aligned MMIO BARs, and IO-Port BARs).