[Qemu-devel] [PATCH] tcm_vhost: Post-merge review changes requested by MST

[Nicholas A. Bellinger]

From: Nicholas Bellinger <address@hidden>

This patch contains the post RFC-v5 (post-merge) changes, this includes:

- Add locking comment
- Move vhost_scsi_complete_cmd ahead of TFO callbacks in order to
  drop forward declarations
- Drop extra '!= NULL' usage in vhost_scsi_complete_cmd_work()
- Change vhost_scsi_*_handle_kick() to use pr_debug
- Fix possible race in vhost_scsi_set_endpoint() for vs->vs_tpg checking
  + assignment.
- Convert tv_tpg->tpg_vhost_count + ->tv_tpg_port_count from atomic_t ->
  int, and make sure reference is protected by ->tv_tpg_mutex.
- Drop unnecessary vhost_scsi->vhost_ref_cnt
- Add 'err:' label for exception path in vhost_scsi_clear_endpoint()
- Add enum for VQ numbers, add usage in vhost_scsi_open()
- Add vhost_scsi_flush() + vhost_scsi_flush_vq() following
  drivers/vhost/net.c
- Add smp_wmb() + vhost_scsi_flush() call during vhost_scsi_set_features()
- Drop unnecessary copy_from_user() usage with GET_ABI_VERSION ioctl
- Add missing vhost_scsi_compat_ioctl() caller for vhost_scsi_fops
- Fix function parameter definition first line to follow existing
  vhost code style
- Change 'vHost' usage -> 'vhost' in handful of locations
- Change -EPERM -> -EBUSY usage for two failures in tcm_vhost_drop_nexus()
- Add comment for tcm_vhost_workqueue in tcm_vhost_init()
- Make GET_ABI_VERSION return 'int' + add comment in tcm_vhost.h

Reported-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <address@hidden>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <address@hidden>
Cc: Stefan Hajnoczi <address@hidden>
Cc: Anthony Liguori <address@hidden>
Cc: Zhi Yong Wu <address@hidden>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <address@hidden>
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Bellinger <address@hidden>
---
 drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.c |  195 ++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------------
 drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.h |    9 +-
 2 files changed, 111 insertions(+), 93 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.c b/drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.c
index 481af88..74b2eda 100644
--- a/drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.c
+++ b/drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.c
@@ -53,9 +53,14 @@
 #include "vhost.h"
 #include "tcm_vhost.h"
 
+enum {
+       VHOST_SCSI_VQ_CTL = 0,
+       VHOST_SCSI_VQ_EVT = 1,
+       VHOST_SCSI_VQ_IO = 2,
+};
+
 struct vhost_scsi {
-       atomic_t vhost_ref_cnt;
-       struct tcm_vhost_tpg *vs_tpg;
+       struct tcm_vhost_tpg *vs_tpg;   /* Protected by vhost_scsi->dev.mutex */
        struct vhost_dev dev;
        struct vhost_virtqueue vqs[3];
 
@@ -131,8 +136,7 @@ static u32 tcm_vhost_get_default_depth(struct 
se_portal_group *se_tpg)
        return 1;
 }
 
-static u32 tcm_vhost_get_pr_transport_id(
-       struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
+static u32 tcm_vhost_get_pr_transport_id(struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
        struct se_node_acl *se_nacl,
        struct t10_pr_registration *pr_reg,
        int *format_code,
@@ -162,8 +166,7 @@ static u32 tcm_vhost_get_pr_transport_id(
                        format_code, buf);
 }
 
-static u32 tcm_vhost_get_pr_transport_id_len(
-       struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
+static u32 tcm_vhost_get_pr_transport_id_len(struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
        struct se_node_acl *se_nacl,
        struct t10_pr_registration *pr_reg,
        int *format_code)
@@ -192,8 +195,7 @@ static u32 tcm_vhost_get_pr_transport_id_len(
                        format_code);
 }
 
-static char *tcm_vhost_parse_pr_out_transport_id(
-       struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
+static char *tcm_vhost_parse_pr_out_transport_id(struct se_portal_group 
*se_tpg,
        const char *buf,
        u32 *out_tid_len,
        char **port_nexus_ptr)
@@ -236,8 +238,7 @@ static struct se_node_acl *tcm_vhost_alloc_fabric_acl(
        return &nacl->se_node_acl;
 }
 
-static void tcm_vhost_release_fabric_acl(
-       struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
+static void tcm_vhost_release_fabric_acl(struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
        struct se_node_acl *se_nacl)
 {
        struct tcm_vhost_nacl *nacl = container_of(se_nacl,
@@ -297,7 +298,16 @@ static int tcm_vhost_get_cmd_state(struct se_cmd *se_cmd)
        return 0;
 }
 
-static void vhost_scsi_complete_cmd(struct tcm_vhost_cmd *);
+static void vhost_scsi_complete_cmd(struct tcm_vhost_cmd *tv_cmd)
+{
+       struct vhost_scsi *vs = tv_cmd->tvc_vhost;
+
+       spin_lock_bh(&vs->vs_completion_lock);
+       list_add_tail(&tv_cmd->tvc_completion_list, &vs->vs_completion_list);
+       spin_unlock_bh(&vs->vs_completion_lock);
+
+       vhost_work_queue(&vs->dev, &vs->vs_completion_work);
+}
 
 static int tcm_vhost_queue_data_in(struct se_cmd *se_cmd)
 {
@@ -381,7 +391,7 @@ static void vhost_scsi_complete_cmd_work(struct vhost_work 
*work)
                                        vs_completion_work);
        struct tcm_vhost_cmd *tv_cmd;
 
-       while ((tv_cmd = vhost_scsi_get_cmd_from_completion(vs)) != NULL) {
+       while ((tv_cmd = vhost_scsi_get_cmd_from_completion(vs))) {
                struct virtio_scsi_cmd_resp v_rsp;
                struct se_cmd *se_cmd = &tv_cmd->tvc_se_cmd;
                int ret;
@@ -408,19 +418,6 @@ static void vhost_scsi_complete_cmd_work(struct vhost_work 
*work)
        vhost_signal(&vs->dev, &vs->vqs[2]);
 }
 
-static void vhost_scsi_complete_cmd(struct tcm_vhost_cmd *tv_cmd)
-{
-       struct vhost_scsi *vs = tv_cmd->tvc_vhost;
-
-       pr_debug("%s tv_cmd %p\n", __func__, tv_cmd);
-
-       spin_lock_bh(&vs->vs_completion_lock);
-       list_add_tail(&tv_cmd->tvc_completion_list, &vs->vs_completion_list);
-       spin_unlock_bh(&vs->vs_completion_lock);
-
-       vhost_work_queue(&vs->dev, &vs->vs_completion_work);
-}
-
 static struct tcm_vhost_cmd *vhost_scsi_allocate_cmd(
        struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tv_tpg,
        struct virtio_scsi_cmd_req *v_req,
@@ -787,12 +784,12 @@ static void vhost_scsi_handle_vq(struct vhost_scsi *vs)
 
 static void vhost_scsi_ctl_handle_kick(struct vhost_work *work)
 {
-       pr_err("%s: The handling func for control queue.\n", __func__);
+       pr_debug("%s: The handling func for control queue.\n", __func__);
 }
 
 static void vhost_scsi_evt_handle_kick(struct vhost_work *work)
 {
-       pr_err("%s: The handling func for event queue.\n", __func__);
+       pr_debug("%s: The handling func for event queue.\n", __func__);
 }
 
 static void vhost_scsi_handle_kick(struct vhost_work *work)
@@ -825,11 +822,6 @@ static int vhost_scsi_set_endpoint(
                        return -EFAULT;
                }
        }
-
-       if (vs->vs_tpg) {
-               mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
-               return -EEXIST;
-       }
        mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
 
        mutex_lock(&tcm_vhost_mutex);
@@ -839,7 +831,7 @@ static int vhost_scsi_set_endpoint(
                        mutex_unlock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
                        continue;
                }
-               if (atomic_read(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count)) {
+               if (tv_tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count != 0) {
                        mutex_unlock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
                        continue;
                }
@@ -847,14 +839,20 @@ static int vhost_scsi_set_endpoint(
 
                if (!strcmp(tv_tport->tport_name, t->vhost_wwpn) &&
                    (tv_tpg->tport_tpgt == t->vhost_tpgt)) {
-                       atomic_inc(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count);
-                       smp_mb__after_atomic_inc();
+                       tv_tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count++;
                        mutex_unlock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
                        mutex_unlock(&tcm_vhost_mutex);
 
                        mutex_lock(&vs->dev.mutex);
+                       if (vs->vs_tpg) {
+                               mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
+                               mutex_lock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
+                               tv_tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count--;
+                               mutex_unlock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
+                               return -EEXIST;
+                       }
+
                        vs->vs_tpg = tv_tpg;
-                       atomic_inc(&vs->vhost_ref_cnt);
                        smp_mb__after_atomic_inc();
                        mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
                        return 0;
@@ -871,38 +869,42 @@ static int vhost_scsi_clear_endpoint(
 {
        struct tcm_vhost_tport *tv_tport;
        struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tv_tpg;
-       int index;
+       int index, ret;
 
        mutex_lock(&vs->dev.mutex);
        /* Verify that ring has been setup correctly. */
        for (index = 0; index < vs->dev.nvqs; ++index) {
                if (!vhost_vq_access_ok(&vs->vqs[index])) {
-                       mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
-                       return -EFAULT;
+                       ret = -EFAULT;
+                       goto err;
                }
        }
 
        if (!vs->vs_tpg) {
-               mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
-               return -ENODEV;
+               ret = -ENODEV;
+               goto err;
        }
        tv_tpg = vs->vs_tpg;
        tv_tport = tv_tpg->tport;
 
        if (strcmp(tv_tport->tport_name, t->vhost_wwpn) ||
            (tv_tpg->tport_tpgt != t->vhost_tpgt)) {
-               mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
                pr_warn("tv_tport->tport_name: %s, tv_tpg->tport_tpgt: %hu"
                        " does not match t->vhost_wwpn: %s, t->vhost_tpgt: 
%hu\n",
                        tv_tport->tport_name, tv_tpg->tport_tpgt,
                        t->vhost_wwpn, t->vhost_tpgt);
-               return -EINVAL;
+               ret = -EINVAL;
+               goto err;
        }
-       atomic_dec(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count);
+       tv_tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count--;
        vs->vs_tpg = NULL;
        mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
 
        return 0;
+
+err:
+       mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
+       return ret;
 }
 
 static int vhost_scsi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *f)
@@ -918,9 +920,9 @@ static int vhost_scsi_open(struct inode *inode, struct file 
*f)
        INIT_LIST_HEAD(&s->vs_completion_list);
        spin_lock_init(&s->vs_completion_lock);
 
-       s->vqs[0].handle_kick = vhost_scsi_ctl_handle_kick;
-       s->vqs[1].handle_kick = vhost_scsi_evt_handle_kick;
-       s->vqs[2].handle_kick = vhost_scsi_handle_kick;
+       s->vqs[VHOST_SCSI_VQ_CTL].handle_kick = vhost_scsi_ctl_handle_kick;
+       s->vqs[VHOST_SCSI_VQ_EVT].handle_kick = vhost_scsi_evt_handle_kick;
+       s->vqs[VHOST_SCSI_VQ_IO].handle_kick = vhost_scsi_handle_kick;
        r = vhost_dev_init(&s->dev, s->vqs, 3);
        if (r < 0) {
                kfree(s);
@@ -949,6 +951,18 @@ static int vhost_scsi_release(struct inode *inode, struct 
file *f)
        return 0;
 }
 
+static void vhost_scsi_flush_vq(struct vhost_scsi *vs, int index)
+{
+       vhost_poll_flush(&vs->dev.vqs[index].poll);
+}
+
+static void vhost_scsi_flush(struct vhost_scsi *vs)
+{
+       vhost_scsi_flush_vq(vs, VHOST_SCSI_VQ_CTL);
+       vhost_scsi_flush_vq(vs, VHOST_SCSI_VQ_EVT);
+       vhost_scsi_flush_vq(vs, VHOST_SCSI_VQ_IO);
+}
+
 static int vhost_scsi_set_features(struct vhost_scsi *vs, u64 features)
 {
        if (features & ~VHOST_FEATURES)
@@ -961,7 +975,8 @@ static int vhost_scsi_set_features(struct vhost_scsi *vs, 
u64 features)
                return -EFAULT;
        }
        vs->dev.acked_features = features;
-       /* TODO possibly smp_wmb() and flush vqs */
+       smp_wmb();
+       vhost_scsi_flush(vs);
        mutex_unlock(&vs->dev.mutex);
        return 0;
 }
@@ -974,7 +989,7 @@ static long vhost_scsi_ioctl(struct file *f, unsigned int 
ioctl,
        void __user *argp = (void __user *)arg;
        u64 __user *featurep = argp;
        u64 features;
-       int r;
+       int r, abi_version = VHOST_SCSI_ABI_VERSION;
 
        switch (ioctl) {
        case VHOST_SCSI_SET_ENDPOINT:
@@ -988,12 +1003,7 @@ static long vhost_scsi_ioctl(struct file *f, unsigned int 
ioctl,
 
                return vhost_scsi_clear_endpoint(vs, &backend);
        case VHOST_SCSI_GET_ABI_VERSION:
-               if (copy_from_user(&backend, argp, sizeof backend))
-                       return -EFAULT;
-
-               backend.abi_version = VHOST_SCSI_ABI_VERSION;
-
-               if (copy_to_user(argp, &backend, sizeof backend))
+               if (copy_to_user(argp, &abi_version, sizeof abi_version))
                        return -EFAULT;
                return 0;
        case VHOST_GET_FEATURES:
@@ -1013,11 +1023,21 @@ static long vhost_scsi_ioctl(struct file *f, unsigned 
int ioctl,
        }
 }
 
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+static long vhost_scsi_compat_ioctl(struct file *f, unsigned int ioctl,
+                               unsigned long arg)
+{
+       return vhost_scsi_ioctl(f, ioctl, (unsigned long)compat_ptr(arg));
+}
+#endif
+
 static const struct file_operations vhost_scsi_fops = {
        .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
        .release        = vhost_scsi_release,
        .unlocked_ioctl = vhost_scsi_ioctl,
-       /* TODO compat ioctl? */
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+       .compat_ioctl   = vhost_scsi_compat_ioctl,
+#endif
        .open           = vhost_scsi_open,
        .llseek         = noop_llseek,
 };
@@ -1054,28 +1074,28 @@ static char *tcm_vhost_dump_proto_id(struct 
tcm_vhost_tport *tport)
        return "Unknown";
 }
 
-static int tcm_vhost_port_link(
-       struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
+static int tcm_vhost_port_link(struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
        struct se_lun *lun)
 {
        struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tv_tpg = container_of(se_tpg,
                                struct tcm_vhost_tpg, se_tpg);
 
-       atomic_inc(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_port_count);
-       smp_mb__after_atomic_inc();
+       mutex_lock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
+       tv_tpg->tv_tpg_port_count++;
+       mutex_unlock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
 
        return 0;
 }
 
-static void tcm_vhost_port_unlink(
-       struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
+static void tcm_vhost_port_unlink(struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
        struct se_lun *se_lun)
 {
        struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tv_tpg = container_of(se_tpg,
                                struct tcm_vhost_tpg, se_tpg);
 
-       atomic_dec(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_port_count);
-       smp_mb__after_atomic_dec();
+       mutex_lock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
+       tv_tpg->tv_tpg_port_count--;
+       mutex_unlock(&tv_tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
 }
 
 static struct se_node_acl *tcm_vhost_make_nodeacl(
@@ -1122,8 +1142,7 @@ static void tcm_vhost_drop_nodeacl(struct se_node_acl 
*se_acl)
        kfree(nacl);
 }
 
-static int tcm_vhost_make_nexus(
-       struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tv_tpg,
+static int tcm_vhost_make_nexus(struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tv_tpg,
        const char *name)
 {
        struct se_portal_group *se_tpg;
@@ -1168,7 +1187,7 @@ static int tcm_vhost_make_nexus(
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
        /*
-        * Now register the TCM vHost virtual I_T Nexus as active with the
+        * Now register the TCM vhost virtual I_T Nexus as active with the
         * call to __transport_register_session()
         */
        __transport_register_session(se_tpg, tv_nexus->tvn_se_sess->se_node_acl,
@@ -1179,8 +1198,7 @@ static int tcm_vhost_make_nexus(
        return 0;
 }
 
-static int tcm_vhost_drop_nexus(
-       struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tpg)
+static int tcm_vhost_drop_nexus(struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tpg)
 {
        struct se_session *se_sess;
        struct tcm_vhost_nexus *tv_nexus;
@@ -1198,27 +1216,27 @@ static int tcm_vhost_drop_nexus(
                return -ENODEV;
        }
 
-       if (atomic_read(&tpg->tv_tpg_port_count)) {
+       if (tpg->tv_tpg_port_count != 0) {
                mutex_unlock(&tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
-               pr_err("Unable to remove TCM_vHost I_T Nexus with"
+               pr_err("Unable to remove TCM_vhost I_T Nexus with"
                        " active TPG port count: %d\n",
-                       atomic_read(&tpg->tv_tpg_port_count));
-               return -EPERM;
+                       tpg->tv_tpg_port_count);
+               return -EBUSY;
        }
 
-       if (atomic_read(&tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count)) {
+       if (tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count != 0) {
                mutex_unlock(&tpg->tv_tpg_mutex);
-               pr_err("Unable to remove TCM_vHost I_T Nexus with"
+               pr_err("Unable to remove TCM_vhost I_T Nexus with"
                        " active TPG vhost count: %d\n",
-                       atomic_read(&tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count));
-               return -EPERM;
+                       tpg->tv_tpg_vhost_count);
+               return -EBUSY;
        }
 
-       pr_debug("TCM_vHost_ConfigFS: Removing I_T Nexus to emulated"
+       pr_debug("TCM_vhost_ConfigFS: Removing I_T Nexus to emulated"
                " %s Initiator Port: %s\n", tcm_vhost_dump_proto_id(tpg->tport),
                tv_nexus->tvn_se_sess->se_node_acl->initiatorname);
        /*
-        * Release the SCSI I_T Nexus to the emulated vHost Target Port
+        * Release the SCSI I_T Nexus to the emulated vhost Target Port
         */
        transport_deregister_session(tv_nexus->tvn_se_sess);
        tpg->tpg_nexus = NULL;
@@ -1228,8 +1246,7 @@ static int tcm_vhost_drop_nexus(
        return 0;
 }
 
-static ssize_t tcm_vhost_tpg_show_nexus(
-       struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
+static ssize_t tcm_vhost_tpg_show_nexus(struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
        char *page)
 {
        struct tcm_vhost_tpg *tv_tpg = container_of(se_tpg,
@@ -1250,8 +1267,7 @@ static ssize_t tcm_vhost_tpg_show_nexus(
        return ret;
 }
 
-static ssize_t tcm_vhost_tpg_store_nexus(
-       struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
+static ssize_t tcm_vhost_tpg_store_nexus(struct se_portal_group *se_tpg,
        const char *page,
        size_t count)
 {
@@ -1336,8 +1352,7 @@ static struct configfs_attribute *tcm_vhost_tpg_attrs[] = 
{
        NULL,
 };
 
-static struct se_portal_group *tcm_vhost_make_tpg(
-       struct se_wwn *wwn,
+static struct se_portal_group *tcm_vhost_make_tpg(struct se_wwn *wwn,
        struct config_group *group,
        const char *name)
 {
@@ -1385,7 +1400,7 @@ static void tcm_vhost_drop_tpg(struct se_portal_group 
*se_tpg)
        list_del(&tpg->tv_tpg_list);
        mutex_unlock(&tcm_vhost_mutex);
        /*
-        * Release the virtual I_T Nexus for this vHost TPG
+        * Release the virtual I_T Nexus for this vhost TPG
         */
        tcm_vhost_drop_nexus(tpg);
        /*
@@ -1395,8 +1410,7 @@ static void tcm_vhost_drop_tpg(struct se_portal_group 
*se_tpg)
        kfree(tpg);
 }
 
-static struct se_wwn *tcm_vhost_make_tport(
-       struct target_fabric_configfs *tf,
+static struct se_wwn *tcm_vhost_make_tport(struct target_fabric_configfs *tf,
        struct config_group *group,
        const char *name)
 {
@@ -1592,7 +1606,10 @@ static void tcm_vhost_deregister_configfs(void)
 static int __init tcm_vhost_init(void)
 {
        int ret = -ENOMEM;
-
+       /*
+        * Use our own dedicated workqueue for submitting I/O into
+        * target core to avoid contention within system_wq.
+        */
        tcm_vhost_workqueue = alloc_workqueue("tcm_vhost", 0, 0);
        if (!tcm_vhost_workqueue)
                goto out;
diff --git a/drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.h b/drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.h
index c983ed2..eff42df 100644
--- a/drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.h
+++ b/drivers/vhost/tcm_vhost.h
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ struct tcm_vhost_tpg {
        /* Vhost port target portal group tag for TCM */
        u16 tport_tpgt;
        /* Used to track number of TPG Port/Lun Links wrt to explict I_T Nexus 
shutdown */
-       atomic_t tv_tpg_port_count;
-       /* Used for vhost_scsi device reference to tpg_nexus */
-       atomic_t tv_tpg_vhost_count;
+       int tv_tpg_port_count;
+       /* Used for vhost_scsi device reference to tpg_nexus, protected by 
tv_tpg_mutex */
+       int tv_tpg_vhost_count;
        /* list for tcm_vhost_list */
        struct list_head tv_tpg_list;
        /* Used to protect access for tpg_nexus */
@@ -98,4 +98,5 @@ struct vhost_scsi_target {
 /* VHOST_SCSI specific defines */
 #define VHOST_SCSI_SET_ENDPOINT _IOW(VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x40, struct 
vhost_scsi_target)
 #define VHOST_SCSI_CLEAR_ENDPOINT _IOW(VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x41, struct 
vhost_scsi_target)
-#define VHOST_SCSI_GET_ABI_VERSION _IOW(VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x42, struct 
vhost_scsi_target)
+/* Changing this breaks userspace. */
+#define VHOST_SCSI_GET_ABI_VERSION _IOW(VHOST_VIRTIO, 0x42, int)
-- 
1.7.2.5