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Contents:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Philosophy of the GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</TITLE>
<LINK REV="made" HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#1F00FF" ALINK="#FF0000" 
VLINK="#9900DD">
<H3>Philosophy of the GNU Project</H3>

<P>
<A HREF="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><IMG 
SRC="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg"
   ALT=" [image of a Philosophical Gnu] "
   WIDTH="160" HEIGHT="200"></A>
[
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| <A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.zh.html">Chinese</a>
| <A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.nl.html">Dutch</A>
| <A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.html">English</A>
| <A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.fr.html">French</A>
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<P>
<HR>

<H4>Table of Contents</H4>

<UL>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#AboutFreeSoftware"
       NAME="TOCAboutFreeSoftware">About Free Software</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#AbouttheGNUproject"
       NAME="TOCAbouttheGNUproject">About the GNU Project</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#LicensingFreeSoftware"
       NAME="TOCLicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#Laws"
       NAME="TOCLaws">Laws</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#TerminologyandDefinitions"
       NAME="TOCTerminologyandDefinitions">Terminology and Definitions</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#GIFs"
       NAME="TOCGIFs">GIFs</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#Motivation"
       NAME="TOCMotivation">Motivation</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#Speeches"
       NAME="TOCSpeeches">Speeches</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#ThirdPartyIdeas"
       NAME="TOCThirdPartyIdeas">Third Party Ideas</A>
  <LI><A HREF="philosophy.html#Translations"
       NAME="TOCTranslations">Translations of these documents</A>
</UL>

<!-- please leave both these NAME attributes here. ... -->
<A NAME="TOCFreedomOrganizations">We</A>
<A NAME="FreedomOrganizations">also</A>
<!-- ... we removed this as an H$ section as it was duplicating the  -->
<!-- same information on links.html, but it's possible that some users -->
<!-- have the URLs bookmarked or on their pages. -len -->
keep a list of
<A HREF="/links/links.html#FreedomOrganizations">Organizations
that Work for Freedom in
Computer Development and Electronic Communications</A>.

<HR>
<P>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCAboutFreeSoftware"
       NAME="AboutFreeSoftware">About Free Software</A></H4>
<P>

Free software is a matter of freedom: people should be free to use
software in all the ways that are socially useful.  Software differs
from material objects--such as chairs, sandwiches, and gasoline--in
that it can be copied and changed much more easily.  These
possibilities make software as useful as it is; we believe software
users should be able to make use of them.
<P>

<!-- I don't think it's good idea to link specific translation -->
<!-- (e.g. foo.fr.html) from here.  It would be better to link them -->
<!-- from philosophy.fr.html and the original documents. -mhatta -->

<UL>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.html">What is Free Software?</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/why-free.html">Why
       Software Should Not Have Owners</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html">Why
       Software Should Be Free</A>.  (This is an older and longer
       essay about the same topic as the previous one.)
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Why Free Software Needs
      Free Documentation</A>.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/selling.html">Selling Free Software</A> Can Be OK!
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free and
       Non-Free Software (18k characters)</A>
  <LI>Free software is more
       <A HREF="/software/reliability.html">reliable</A>!
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/gnutella.html"
       NAME="Gnutella">Regarding Gnutella</a>
</UL>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCAbouttheGNUproject"
       NAME="AbouttheGNUproject">About the GNU Project</A></H4>

<UL>
  <LI><A HREF="/gnu/initial-announcement.html">Initial announcement of
       the GNU Project</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/gnu/manifesto.html">The GNU Manifesto (31k characters)</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/gnu/gnu-history.html">Brief history of the GNU Project</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">The GNU Project</A>,
      a longer and more complete description of the project and its
      history.
  <LI><A HREF="/fsf/fsf.html">What is the Free Software Foundation?</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/gnu/why-gnu-linux.html">Why GNU/Linux?</A>
</UL>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCLicensingFreeSoftware"
       NAME="LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</A></H4>

<UL>
  <LI><A HREF="/licenses/license-list.html">Free Software Licenses</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/licenses/licenses.html#WhatIsCopyleft">What is Copyleft?</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html">Why you should not use the Library 
GPL for your next library.</A>.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/x.html">The X Windows Trap</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/apsl.html">The Problems of the Apple License</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/bsd.html">The BSD License Problem</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/netscape-npl.html">The Netscape Public License has 
serious problems</A>.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/udi.html">The Free Software Movement and UDI</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/microsoft.html">Is Microsoft the Great Satan?</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/microsoft-antitrust.html">The Microsoft Antitrust 
Trial and Free Software</A>
   <LI><a href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html">On the Microsoft Verdict</a>
   <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/plan-nine.html" NAME="PlanNineLicense">The Problems 
of the Plan
9 License</A>
   <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/motif.html" NAME="MotifLicense">The new Motif 
License</A>
   <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html" NAME="UsingGFDL">Using the GNU 
FDL</a>
   <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/gpl-american-way.html"
  NAME="GPLAmericanWay">The GNU GPL and the American Way</A>
   <li><a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-dream.html"
  NAME="GPLAmericanDream">The GNU GPL and the American Dream</a></li>
   <li><a href="/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.html"
  NAME="EnforcingGPL">Enforcing the GNU GPL</a></li>
   <li><a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-power.html"
  NAME="FreedomOrPower">Freedom or Power?</a></li>
</UL>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCLaws"
       NAME="Laws">Laws</A></H4>

<UL>
<li><a
  
href="http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/stallman.html";>Science
  must `push copyright aside'</a>, another work of <a
  href="http://www.stallman.org";>Richard Stallman</a>, explains how
  copyright is impeding progress in scientific research.
  <ul>
    <li>You may also be interested in <a
    href="http://www.publiclibraryofscience.org";>The Public Library of
    Science</a>, which is dedicated to making scientific research freely
    available to all on the Internet.
  </ul>
  <li>In <a
  
href="http://www.eff.org/Legal/Cases/Felten_v_RIAA/20010606_eff_felten_pr.html";>Felten
  v. RIAA</a>, scientists are asking a court to rule that the Digital
  Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) does not prohibit them from publishing
  their research.
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.eff.org/Intellectual_property/Video/MPAA_DVD_cases/";>EFF 
"Intellectual Property: MPAA (Motion Picture Association of America)DVD Cases" 
Archive</A>
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.oneworld.org/globalprojects/humcdrom/copyrigh.htm";>Examples
       of Excellent Copyright Policies</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html">Reevaluating
        Copyright: The Public must prevail</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/right-to-read.html">The Right to Read: A Dystopian
       Short Story</A> by
       <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</A>
  <LI><A HREF="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/eldredvreno/complaint.html";>Eldred
       v. Reno</A> is about a lawsuit to overturn a law that extends
       copyright by 20 extra years.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/wassenaar.html">Encryption
       software volunteers needed in countries without export control</A>.
  <LI>How to Protect the <A HREF="/philosophy/protecting.html">Right to Write
       Software</A> (independent of whether it's free or not)
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/dat.html">The Right Way to Tax DAT (22k
       characters)</A>
  <LI>How to Protect the
       <A HREF="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html">Freedoms
       of Speech, Press, and Association</A>
       on the Internet
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html">Patent Reform
       Is Not Enough</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/savingeurope.html">Saving Europe from
       Software Patents</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/amazon.html">Boycott Amazon!</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/ucita.html">Why We Must Fight UCITA</A>
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.infoworld.com/articles/op/xml/00/11/27/001127opfoster.xml";>A 
world with UCITA may allow fine print to outweigh the right thing</A> by Ed 
Foster <A HREF="mailto:address@hidden";>&lt;address@hidden&gt;</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html">Freedom-Or
       Copyright?</A>
       by <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</A>
  <LI><A HREF="http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf";
       NAME="SequentialIPandI">Sequential
       Innovation, Patents, and Imitation</A> is a paper that presents a
       mathematical model showing how patents can
       impede progress in fields like software.

   <LI><A HREF="http://www.carnall.demon.co.uk/stallman/index.html";
NAME="StallmanTalkLSM">Copyright versus community in the age of
computer networks</A>: is a verbatim transcript of a talk by <A
HREF="http://www.stallman.org";>Richard Stallman</A> at the Logiciel
Libre Conference in July 2000.

   <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/hague.html">Harm from the Hague</A>.

</UL>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCTerminologyandDefinitions"
       NAME="TerminologyandDefinitions">Terminology and Definitions</A></H4>

<UL>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Confusing Words</A>
       which You Might Want to Avoid
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html">"Open Source 
Software" or "Free Software"</A>?
  <li>Richard Stallman wrote <a
       href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html">letter to the editor</a> of
       Dr. Dobb's Journal in June which further explains the distinction
       between the Free Software and Open Source movements.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free and
       Non-Free Software (18k characters)</A>
</UL>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCGIFs"
       NAME="GIFs">GIFs</A></H4>

<UL>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/gif.html">Why there are no GIF files on
       GNU web pages</A>
</UL>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCMotivation"
       NAME="Motivation">Motivation</A></H4>
<UL>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/motivation.html">Studies Find
       Reward Often No Motivator</A>
</UL>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCSpeeches"
       NAME="Speeches">Speeches and Interviews (in reverse chronological 
order)</A></H4>

<UL>

<LI><A HREF="http://www.stallman.org";>Richard Stallman</A>'s <A
    HREF="/philosophy/luispo-rms-interview.html">interview</A> with Louis
    Suarez-Potts in May of 2001.

<LI><A HREF="/philosophy/audio/audio.html#NYU2001">Audio recording of a
    speech, <CITE>Free Software: Freedom and Cooperation</CITE>, given by
    Richard M. Stallman at New York University</A>.  A <a
    href="/events/rms-nyu-2001-transcript.txt">transcript of the
    speech</a> is also available.

<LI><A HREF="/philosophy/copyright-and-globalization.html">Transcript of
    a speech, <CITE>Copyright and Globalization in the Age of Computer
    Networks</CITE>, given by Richard M. Stallman at MIT</A>.

<LI><A HREF="/philosophy/audio/audio.html#MIT2001">Audio
    recording of a speech, <CITE>Copyright and Globalization in the
    Age of Computer Networks</CITE>, given by Richard M. Stallman at MIT</A>.

<LI><A HREF="/philosophy/audio/audio.html#ArsDigita2001">Audio
    recording of a speech, <CITE>The Free Software Movement and the
    GNU/Linux Operating System</CITE>, given by Richard M. Stallman at
    ArsDigita University</A>.

<LI><A HREF="/philosophy/audio/audio.html#LinuxTag2000">Audio
    recording of a speech, <CITE>The Free Software Movement and the
    GNU/Linux Operating System</CITE>, given by Richard M. Stallman at
    LinuxTag 2000</A>.

<LI><A HREF="/philosophy/audio/audio.html#CGLUG2000">Audio
    recording of a speech, <CITE>The Free Software Movement and the
    GNU/Linux Operating System</CITE>, given by Richard M. Stallman at
    the University of Cincinnati</A>.

  <LI><A HREF="http://www.linux-mag.com/1999-07/stallman_01.html";>Interview
       from Linux Magazine</A> in July 1999
       with <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</A>
<!--   <LI><A HREF="http://blur.cx/";>The Road to GNU</A> -->

  <LI><A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</A>'s
       <A 
HREF="http://www.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-2000-03/lw-03-rms.html?4-4";>interview</A>
       with LinuxWorld about the problems with software patents.

  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.linuxworld.com/linuxworldtoday/lwt-indepth7.html";>LinuxWorld 
Interview</A>
       with
       <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</A>
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.april.org/actions/rms/10111998/texte.html";>Transcription (in 
French)</A> of a
       speech that
       <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</A>
       gave in 1998 at the University of
       Paris.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/greve-clown.en.html">English translation of a
       speech</A>
        that Georg Greve
       gave in 1998 at the GNU/Linux Cluster "CLOWN" in Germany
       (<A HREF="/philosophy/greve-clown.de.html">German original</A>)
  <LI><A HREF="/gnu/byte-interview.html">BYTE Interview</A>
       in July 1986 with
       <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</A>
  <LI>A
       <A HREF="/philosophy/stallman-kth.html">speech</A>
        that
       <A HREF="http://www.stallman.org/";>Richard Stallman</A>
       gave in 1986 at the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden
</UL>

<P>


<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCThirdPartyIdeas"
       NAME="ThirdPartyIdeas">Third Party Ideas</A></H4>

These articles give other people's philosophical
opinions in support of free software, or related issues, and don't
speak for the GNU project -- but we more or less agree with them.

<P>

Many of the <A HREF="/links/links.html#FreedomOrganizations">Organizations
that Work for Freedom in
Computer Development and Electronic Communications</A>
also have philosophical
opinions in support of free software, or related issues, and don't
speak for the GNU project -- but we more or less agree with them.

<P>

<UL>

  <li><a
  href="http://james-boyle.com/papers.pdf";>The Second Enclosure Movement
  and the Construction of the Public Domain.</a>, by James Boyle, also
  available <a 
href="http://swissnet.ai.mit.edu/~hal/misc/duke-papers.pdf";>here</a>.

  <li><a
  
href="http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/~howard/Papers/pw-public-spaces.html";>Intellectual
  Property: The Attack on Public Space in Cyberspace</a>, by Howard Besser,
  describes how various industries are using their leverage with copyright
  to make fewer locations on the Internet less and less public.

  <li><a href="http://www.wipout.net/";>Wipout</a> is holding a
  counter-essay contest to the World Intellectual Property Organization's
  (WIPO) own student contest. It aims to raise awareness about the ways in
  which protection of intellectual property may negatively impact our daily
  lives.

  <li><a
  
href="http://www.zdnet.com/zdnn/stories/comment/0,5859,2770541,00.html";>Technology
  and the corruption of copyright</a>, by Joshua S. Bauchner

  <li><a
  href="http://www.utexas.edu/law/faculty/nnetanel/Netanel.pdf";>"Locating
  Copyright Within the First Amendment Skein,"</a>, by Neil W. Netanel,
  argues that the United States court system has been wrong in its dated
  assumption that fair use eliminates the conflict between copyright law
  and the First Amendment.

  <li>Richard Stallman co-signed <a
  href="http://www.perens.com/Articles/StandTogether.html";>a joint
  statement responding to comments by Craig Mundie of Microsoft</a>.

  <p>

  <li>In <cite><a href="/philosophy/dmarti-patent.html">Patent Reform
          Now!</a></cite>, Don Marti calls for free software supporters to
          nominate Richard M. Stallman to US Patent and Trademark Office's
          Patent Public Advisory Committee.</li>

  <LI><A HREF="http://www.interlog.com/~cjazz/gnu1.htm";
       NAME="GnutellaReplacesGodzilla">Gnutella Replaces
       Godzilla in Corporate Media</A>
  <LI><A HREF="http://www.eye.net/eye/issue/issue_02.17.00/news/media.html";>The 
net bites back - Website attacks prove the Internet still works</A>
  <LI><A HREF="http://www-personal.si.umich.edu/~beejoo/gnuproject.html";>The
       GNU Project FTP Site: A Digital Collection Supporting a
       Social Movement</A> by Michelle Bejian
<!-- brokien line -neel
  <LI><A
HREF="http://oppression.nerdherd.org/Stories/1998/9810/ucla/ucla.html";>UCLA
       discriminates against students using GNU/Linux.
       One part of their justification is supporting the power of
       software owners.</A>
-->
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.brunching.com/features/feature-copyfire.html";>Copyrighting 
fire</A>
<!-- broken link -mohit
  <LI><A HREF="http://members.xoom.com/jcenters/HADL.html";>The Hacker 
Anti-Defamation League</A>
-->
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://simson.net/clips/98.Globe.05-07.Read_them_and_weep.htm";>Read
       Them And Weep</A>, by Simson Garfinkel, talks about the
       pending bills that would give information owners sweeping new powers,
       and restrict the activities of users.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/nonsoftware-copyleft.html">Applying Copyleft To
    Non-Software Information</A>, by Michael Stutz.
  <LI><A HREF="free-world.html">Only
       the Free World Can Stand Up to Microsoft</A>, by Tom Hull.
  <LI><A HREF="http://www.ram.org/ramblings/philosophy/fmp.html";>The
       Free Music Philosophy</A>, by Ram Samudrala.

  <li>Record companies argue for more copyright power by saying they are
    the support of the musicians.  <a
    href="http://www.negativland.com/albini.html";>This article</a> shows
    how record companies really treat musicians.

  <!-- the original link was not working, rms suggested i
       make a temporary link -neel
       http://www.musicisum.com/manifesto.shtml
  -->

  <LI><A HREF="http://www.maui.net/~zen_gtr/zgzinepg4.html";>The Manifesto:
       Piracy is Your Friend</A>, by Jaron Lanier.
       <BR>
       <STRONG>Note</STRONG> that the GNU Project recommends
       <A HREF="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">avoiding</A> the term
       <A HREF="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Piracy">piracy</A> since
       it implies that sharing copies is somehow illegitimate.
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.ram.org/ramblings/philosophy/fmp/copying_primer.html";>A
       primer on the ethics of ``Intellectual property''</A>, by Ram Samudrala.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/self-interest.html">Is Self-Interest Sufficient to
       Organize an Free Economy?</A> by Loyd Fueston.
  <LI><A HREF="http://ethology.intercult.su.se/freescience/";>The Free
       Science Campaign</A> is a campaign for the freedom to distribute
       scientific work.

       <!-- This next article should be moved to a media page if and -->
       <!-- when we get more related articles                        -->
  <LI>Article (in German) in the Swiss paper Neue Zuercher Zeitung about the
       <A 
HREF="http://www.nzz.ch/online/01_nzz_aktuell/internet/internet1998/nzz980306kommunismus.htm";>Netscape
       decision to release source code</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/kragen-software.html">People, places, things and 
ideas</A> by Kragen Sitaker
  <LI><A HREF="http://www.freenation.org/a/f31l1.html";>The Libertarian Case
       Against Intellectual Property Rights</A> by Roderick T. Long
       <BR>
       The Free Software Movement does not endorse Libertarianism, and
       <A HREF="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html">we do
       not agree entirely</A> with that article.  But it is useful for
       refuting
       one specific argument that is made in favor of proprietary software.
  <LI><A HREF="http://gsyc.escet.urjc.es/sobre/";>Articles
       in Spanish about free software issues</A>
  <LI><A HREF="http://old.law.columbia.edu/my_pubs/anarchism.html";>Anarchism
       Triumphant:
       Free Software and the Death of Copyright</A>
  <li><a href="http://eserver.org/internet/community/community.html";>Imagined
       Electronic Community: Representations of Virtual
       Community in Contemporary Business Discourse</a>
  <LI><a href="http://www.coe.ilstu.edu/rpriegle/wwwdocs/plagiari.htm";>The Death
       and Rebirth of Plagiarism</A> by Rodney Riegle.
       (We don't entirely agree with this article--we think there is no
       harm in asking people to make some extra effort
       to write ``footnotes'' to give credit.)
  <LI><A HREF="http://www.savetheweb.org";>Save the Web</a> is a website
       devoted to protecting Internet users rights in Europe.
  <LI><a href="/philosophy/economics_frank/frank.html">Does Studying
       Economics Inhibit Cooperation?</a> by Frank, Gilovich, and Regan.
  <LI><a href="http://danny.oz.au/freedom/ip/aidfs.html";>Development,
       Ethical Trading, and Free Software</a> by Danny Yee.
  <LI><A HREf="/philosophy/bdk.html">THE BALLAD OF DENNIS KARJALA</A>:
       A political comment in the form of a broadside ballad
       by Timothy R. Phillips.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/ICT-for-prosperity.html">Shaping
       Collaborative ICT Development and Initiatives for Global
       Prosperity</A> by Robert J. Chassell
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.ic.unicamp.br/~oliva/papers/free-software/selection-html/";>The
       Competitive Advantage of Free Software</A> by Alexandre Oliva.
  <LI><A HREF="http://www.advogato.org/article/89.html";
       NAME="PatentgrantundertheGPL">Patent grant under the GPL</A>.
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.nytimes.com/library/tech/00/05/biztech/articles/10digital.html";
       NAME="ConceptofCopyrightFightsMarkoff">The
       Concept of Copyright Fights for Internet Survival</A> by John
       Markoff.

  <LI><A NAME="TheRealPurposeOfCopyrightBerry"
HREF="http://www.libraryjournal.com/articles/views/editorial/20000701_15171.asp";>The
       Real Purpose of Copyright</A> by John N. Berry III.
  <LI><A NAME="Copyrightfire" HREF="/philosophy/fire.html">Copyrighting Fire! 
(Humor)</A> by Ian Clarke.
  <LI><A 
HREF="http://www.oreilly.com/~andyo/professional/infirmation_technology.html"; 
NAME="INFOTECH">The Future Brings "Infirmation Technology"</a> by
       Andy Oram.
<!-- Re: Free Protocols Foundation - it's a maintainance nightmare -->
<!-- to have full descriptions in more then one place. -len -->
<!-- RMS requests that this link is put back, 14 Dec 2000, paulv -->
  <LI><A HREF="http://www.freeprotocols.org/";>The Free Protocols
       Foundation</A> is an independent public forum, dedicated to the
       support of patent-free protocols.
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/software-libre-commercial-viability.html">Software 
Libre and Commercial Viability</A> by Alessandro Rubini
  <LI><A HREF="http://www.uow.edu.au/arts/sts/bmartin/pubs/98il/";>
       Information liberation</A> by Brian Martin. We urge people to avoid
       using the term <A HREF="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">intellectual
       property</A> and to instead speak about copyrights, patents, and/or
       trademarks.
  <LI><A HREF="http://wearcam.org/seatsale/index.htm";>Seat Sale</A>, a
       satire about copyright.

  <LI>A <A HREF="http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~dst/DeCSS/Gallery/";>gallery</A>
      of examples demonstrating how outrageous and absurd the Digital
      Millenium Copyright Act is.

  <LI><A HREF="http://libr.org/frankentoons/home.html";>Frankentoons</A>
  by Joel Kahn.

  <LI>A book review of
  <A
  HREF="http://slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=01/03/28/0121209&mode=nocomment";>
  <u>Digital Copyright</u></a>.

  <LI><A
  HREF="http://www.itworld.com/AppDev/350/LWD010523vcontrol4/";>Live and
  let license</a> by Joe Barr.

  <li><a href="http://www.piecepack.org";>Piecepack</a> is a set of
  boardgame pieces which everyone is free to use in creating or playing
  various types of games.

</UL>

<H4><A HREF="philosophy.html#TOCTranslations"
       NAME="Translations">Translations of these documents</A></H4>
<P>
<UL>
  <LI><A HREF="http://kldp.org/gnu/philosophisch-dokuments.html";>Unofficial
       Korean translations</A> of many of these documents
<!-- Seems this link is dead -->
<!--  &lt;LI&gt;&lt;A 
HREF="http://www.whlug.clinux.org/gnu/philosophy/"&gt;Unofficial -->
<!--    Chinese translations&lt;/a&gt; of many of these documents -->
  <LI><A HREF="/gnu/manifesto.html#translations">Translations of the
       GNU Manifesto</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">Translations
       of the term ``free software''</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/copyleft/copyleft.html#translations">Translations of the
       GNU GPL</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/copyleft/copyleft.html#translationsLGPL">Translations of the
       GNU LGPL</A>
  <LI><A HREF="/copyleft/copyleft.html#translationsGFDL">Translations of the
       GNU FDL</A>
</UL>

<P>

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$Date: 2001/12/20 13:26:56 $ $Author: mohit $
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