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[gawk-diffs] [SCM] gawk branch, master, updated. gawk-4.1.0-2562-gd3d50a
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From: |
Arnold Robbins |
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Subject: |
[gawk-diffs] [SCM] gawk branch, master, updated. gawk-4.1.0-2562-gd3d50a5 |
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Date: |
Mon, 22 May 2017 22:41:53 -0400 (EDT) |
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- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------
http://git.sv.gnu.org/cgit/gawk.git/commit/?id=d3d50a55367f84182d21420121b504f898cda459
commit d3d50a55367f84182d21420121b504f898cda459
Author: Arnold D. Robbins <address@hidden>
Date: Tue May 23 05:41:20 2017 +0300
Greatly improve FIELDWIDTHS behavior, doc, and tests.
diff --git a/ChangeLog b/ChangeLog
index 3f18632..2a1e643 100644
--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,10 @@
+2017-05-23 Arnold D. Robbins <address@hidden>
+
+ * field.c (fw_parse_field): Stop upon hitting the end of the
+ record; this enables correct counting of the number of fields.
+ (set_FIELDWIDTHS): Add `*' at end as meaning ``all the rest
+ of the data on the line.'' Allow skip:* as well.
+
2017-05-20 Arnold D. Robbins <address@hidden>
* awkgram.y (add_lint): Make ``no effect'' check smarter about
diff --git a/doc/ChangeLog b/doc/ChangeLog
index ad5aca4..764d093 100644
--- a/doc/ChangeLog
+++ b/doc/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+2017-05-22 Arnold D. Robbins <address@hidden>
+
+ * gawktexi.in: Document FIELDWIDTHS much better, including how
+ it works in corner cases. Some general organizational improvements
+ in this chunk of text.
+
2017-04-23 Arnold D. Robbins <address@hidden>
* gawktexi.in: Improve documentation of --source option.
diff --git a/doc/gawk.info b/doc/gawk.info
index 5111770..14d34a9 100644
--- a/doc/gawk.info
+++ b/doc/gawk.info
@@ -196,7 +196,13 @@ in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the
section entitled
field.
* Field Splitting Summary:: Some final points and a summary table.
* Constant Size:: Reading constant width data.
+* Fixed width data:: Processing fixed-width data.
+* Skipping intervening:: Skipping intervening fields.
+* Allowing trailing data:: Capturing optional trailing data.
+* Fields with fixed data:: Field values with fixed-width data.
* Splitting By Content:: Defining Fields By Content
+* Testing field creation:: Checking how 'gawk' is
+ splitting records.
* Multiple Line:: Reading multiline records.
* Getline:: Reading files under explicit program
control using the 'getline'
@@ -4228,6 +4234,8 @@ be named on the 'awk' command line (*note Getline::).
* Field Separators:: The field separator and how to change it.
* Constant Size:: Reading constant width data.
* Splitting By Content:: Defining Fields By Content
+* Testing field creation:: Checking how 'gawk' is splitting
+ records.
* Multiple Line:: Reading multiline records.
* Getline:: Reading files under explicit program control
using the 'getline' function.
@@ -5124,10 +5132,25 @@ This minor node discusses an advanced feature of
'gawk'. If you are a
novice 'awk' user, you might want to skip it on the first reading.
'gawk' provides a facility for dealing with fixed-width fields with
-no distinctive field separator. For example, data of this nature arises
-in the input for old Fortran programs where numbers are run together, or
-in the output of programs that did not anticipate the use of their
-output as input for other programs.
+no distinctive field separator. We discuss this feature in the
+following nodes.
+
+* Menu:
+
+* Fixed width data:: Processing fixed-width data.
+* Skipping intervening:: Skipping intervening fields.
+* Allowing trailing data:: Capturing optional trailing data.
+* Fields with fixed data:: Field values with fixed-width data.
+
+
+File: gawk.info, Node: Fixed width data, Next: Skipping intervening, Up:
Constant Size
+
+4.6.1 Processing Fixed-Width Data
+---------------------------------
+
+An example of fixed-width data would be the input for old Fortran
+programs where numbers are run together, or the output of programs that
+did not anticipate the use of their output as input for other programs.
An example of the latter is a table where all the columns are lined
up by the use of a variable number of spaces and _empty fields are just
@@ -5141,12 +5164,11 @@ by assigning a string containing space-separated
numbers to the built-in
variable 'FIELDWIDTHS'. Each number specifies the width of the field,
_including_ columns between fields. If you want to ignore the columns
between fields, you can specify the width as a separate field that is
-subsequently ignored. Or, starting in version 4.2, each field width may
-optionally be preceded by a colon-separated value specifying the number
-of characters to skip before the field starts. It is a fatal error to
-supply a field width that has a negative value. The following data is
-the output of the Unix 'w' utility. It is useful to illustrate the use
-of 'FIELDWIDTHS':
+subsequently ignored. It is a fatal error to supply a field width that
+has a negative value.
+
+ The following data is the output of the Unix 'w' utility. It is
+useful to illustrate the use of 'FIELDWIDTHS':
10:06pm up 21 days, 14:04, 23 users
User tty login idle JCPU PCPU what
@@ -5169,7 +5191,7 @@ calculated idle time:
sub(/^ +/, "", idle) # strip leading spaces
if (idle == "")
idle = 0
- if (idle ~ /:/) {
+ if (idle ~ /:/) { # hh:mm
split(idle, t, ":")
idle = t[1] * 60 + t[2]
}
@@ -5193,11 +5215,31 @@ calculated idle time:
brent ttyp0 286
dave ttyq4 1296000
- Starting in version 4.2, this program could be rewritten to specify
-'FIELDWIDTHS' like so:
+ Another (possibly more practical) example of fixed-width input data
+is the input from a deck of balloting cards. In some parts of the
+United States, voters mark their choices by punching holes in computer
+cards. These cards are then processed to count the votes for any
+particular candidate or on any particular issue. Because a voter may
+choose not to vote on some issue, any column on the card may be empty.
+An 'awk' program for processing such data could use the 'FIELDWIDTHS'
+feature to simplify reading the data. (Of course, getting 'gawk' to run
+on a system with card readers is another story!)
+
+
+File: gawk.info, Node: Skipping intervening, Next: Allowing trailing data,
Prev: Fixed width data, Up: Constant Size
+
+4.6.2 Skipping Intervening Fields
+---------------------------------
+
+Starting in version 4.2, each field width may optionally be preceded by
+a colon-separated value specifying the number of characters to skip
+before the field starts. Thus, the preceding program could be rewritten
+to specify 'FIELDWIDTHS' like so:
+
BEGIN { FIELDWIDTHS = "8 1:5 4:7 6 1:6 1:6 2:33" }
+
This strips away some of the white space separating the fields. With
-such a change, the program would produce the following results:
+such a change, the program produces the following results:
hzang ttyV3 50
eklye ttyV5 0
@@ -5207,39 +5249,68 @@ such a change, the program would produce the following
results:
brent ttyp0 286
dave ttyq4 1296000
- Another (possibly more practical) example of fixed-width input data
-is the input from a deck of balloting cards. In some parts of the
-United States, voters mark their choices by punching holes in computer
-cards. These cards are then processed to count the votes for any
-particular candidate or on any particular issue. Because a voter may
-choose not to vote on some issue, any column on the card may be empty.
-An 'awk' program for processing such data could use the 'FIELDWIDTHS'
-feature to simplify reading the data. (Of course, getting 'gawk' to run
-on a system with card readers is another story!)
+
+File: gawk.info, Node: Allowing trailing data, Next: Fields with fixed data,
Prev: Skipping intervening, Up: Constant Size
- Assigning a value to 'FS' causes 'gawk' to use 'FS' for field
-splitting again. Use 'FS = FS' to make this happen, without having to
-know the current value of 'FS'. In order to tell which kind of field
-splitting is in effect, use 'PROCINFO["FS"]' (*note Auto-set::). The
-value is '"FS"' if regular field splitting is being used, or
-'"FIELDWIDTHS"' if fixed-width field splitting is being used:
+4.6.3 Capturing Optional Trailing Data
+--------------------------------------
- if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FS")
- REGULAR FIELD SPLITTING ...
- else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FIELDWIDTHS")
- FIXED-WIDTH FIELD SPLITTING ...
- else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FPAT")
- CONTENT-BASED FIELD SPLITTING ... (see next minor node)
- else
- API INPUT PARSER FIELD SPLITTING ... (advanced feature)
+There are times when fixed-width data may be followed by additional data
+that has no fixed length. Such data may or may not be present, but if
+it is, it should be possible to get at it from an 'awk' program.
- This information is useful when writing a function that needs to
-temporarily change 'FS' or 'FIELDWIDTHS', read some records, and then
-restore the original settings (*note Passwd Functions:: for an example
-of such a function).
+ Starting with version 4.2, in order to provide a way to say "anything
+else in the record after the defined fields," 'gawk' allows you to add a
+final '*' character to the value of 'FIELDWIDTHS'. There can only be
+one such character, and it must be the final non-whitespace character in
+'FIELDWIDTHS'. For example:
+
+ $ cat fw.awk Show the program
+ -| BEGIN { FIELDWIDTHS = "2 2 *" }
+ -| { print NF, $1, $2, $3 }
+ $ cat fw.in Show sample input
+ -| 1234abcdefghi
+ $ gawk -f fw.awk fw.in Run the program
+ -| 3 12 34 abcdefghi
-File: gawk.info, Node: Splitting By Content, Next: Multiple Line, Prev:
Constant Size, Up: Reading Files
+File: gawk.info, Node: Fields with fixed data, Prev: Allowing trailing data,
Up: Constant Size
+
+4.6.4 Field Values With Fixed-Width Data
+----------------------------------------
+
+So far, so good. But what happens if there isn't as much data as there
+should be based on the contents of 'FIELDWIDTHS'? Or, what happens if
+there is more data than expected?
+
+ For many years, what happens in these cases was not well defined.
+Starting with version 4.2, the rules are as follows:
+
+Enough data for some fields
+ For example, if 'FIELDWIDTHS' is set to '"2 3 4"' and the input
+ record is 'aabbb'. In this case, 'NF' is set to two.
+
+Not enough data for a field
+ For example, if 'FIELDWIDTHS' is set to '"2 3 4"' and the input
+ record is 'aab'. In this case, 'NF' is set to two and '$2' has the
+ value '"b"'. The idea is that even though there aren't as many
+ characters as were expected, there are some, so the data should be
+ made available to the program.
+
+Too much data
+ For example, if 'FIELDWIDTHS' is set to '"2 3 4"' and the input
+ record is 'aabbbccccddd'. In this case, 'NF' is set to three and
+ the extra characters ('ddd') are ignored. If you want 'gawk' to
+ capture the extra characters, supply a final '*' in the value of
+ 'FIELDWIDTHS'.
+
+Too much data, but with '*' supplied
+ For example, if 'FIELDWIDTHS' is set to '"2 3 4 *"' and the input
+ record is 'aabbbccccddd'. In this case, 'NF' is set to four, and
+ '$4' has the value '"ddd"'.
+
+
+File: gawk.info, Node: Splitting By Content, Next: Testing field creation,
Prev: Constant Size, Up: Reading Files
4.7 Defining Fields by Content
==============================
@@ -5315,9 +5386,7 @@ would be to remove the quotes when they occur, with
something like this:
affects field splitting with 'FPAT'.
Assigning a value to 'FPAT' overrides field splitting with 'FS' and
-with 'FIELDWIDTHS'. Similar to 'FIELDWIDTHS', the value of
-'PROCINFO["FS"]' will be '"FPAT"' if content-based field splitting is
-being used.
+with 'FIELDWIDTHS'.
NOTE: Some programs export CSV data that contains embedded newlines
between the double quotes. 'gawk' provides no way to deal with
@@ -5335,23 +5404,53 @@ contain at least one character. A straightforward
modification
Finally, the 'patsplit()' function makes the same functionality
available for splitting regular strings (*note String Functions::).
- To recap, 'gawk' provides three independent methods to split input
+ ---------- Footnotes ----------
+
+ (1) The CSV format lacked a formal standard definition for many
+years. RFC 4180 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4180.txt) standardizes the
+most common practices.
+
+
+File: gawk.info, Node: Testing field creation, Next: Multiple Line, Prev:
Splitting By Content, Up: Reading Files
+
+4.8 Checking How 'gawk' Is Splitting Records
+============================================
+
+As we've seen, 'gawk' provides three independent methods to split input
records into fields. The mechanism used is based on which of the three
variables--'FS', 'FIELDWIDTHS', or 'FPAT'--was last assigned to. In
addition, an API input parser may choose to override the record parsing
mechanism; please refer to *note Input Parsers:: for further information
about this feature.
- ---------- Footnotes ----------
+ To restore normal field splitting after using 'FIELDWIDTHS' and/or
+'FPAT', simply assign a value to 'FS'. You can use 'FS = FS' to do
+this, without having to know the current value of 'FS'.
- (1) The CSV format lacked a formal standard definition for many
-years. RFC 4180 (http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4180.txt) standardizes the
-most common practices.
+ In order to tell which kind of field splitting is in effect, use
+'PROCINFO["FS"]' (*note Auto-set::). The value is '"FS"' if regular
+field splitting is being used, '"FIELDWIDTHS"' if fixed-width field
+splitting is being used, or '"FPAT"' if content-based field splitting is
+being used:
+
+ if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FS")
+ REGULAR FIELD SPLITTING ...
+ else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FIELDWIDTHS")
+ FIXED-WIDTH FIELD SPLITTING ...
+ else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FPAT")
+ CONTENT-BASED FIELD SPLITTING
+ else
+ API INPUT PARSER FIELD SPLITTING ... (advanced feature)
+
+ This information is useful when writing a function that needs to
+temporarily change 'FS' or 'FIELDWIDTHS', read some records, and then
+restore the original settings (*note Passwd Functions:: for an example
+of such a function).
-File: gawk.info, Node: Multiple Line, Next: Getline, Prev: Splitting By
Content, Up: Reading Files
+File: gawk.info, Node: Multiple Line, Next: Getline, Prev: Testing field
creation, Up: Reading Files
-4.8 Multiple-Line Records
+4.9 Multiple-Line Records
=========================
In some databases, a single line cannot conveniently hold all the
@@ -5491,8 +5590,8 @@ separator of a single space: 'FS = " "'.
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline, Next: Read Timeout, Prev: Multiple Line,
Up: Reading Files
-4.9 Explicit Input with 'getline'
-=================================
+4.10 Explicit Input with 'getline'
+==================================
So far we have been getting our input data from 'awk''s main input
stream--either the standard input (usually your keyboard, sometimes the
@@ -5543,8 +5642,8 @@ represents a shell command.
File: gawk.info, Node: Plain Getline, Next: Getline/Variable, Up: Getline
-4.9.1 Using 'getline' with No Arguments
----------------------------------------
+4.10.1 Using 'getline' with No Arguments
+----------------------------------------
The 'getline' command can be used without arguments to read input from
the current input file. All it does in this case is read the next input
@@ -5604,8 +5703,8 @@ the value of '$0'.
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline/Variable, Next: Getline/File, Prev: Plain
Getline, Up: Getline
-4.9.2 Using 'getline' into a Variable
--------------------------------------
+4.10.2 Using 'getline' into a Variable
+--------------------------------------
You can use 'getline VAR' to read the next record from 'awk''s input
into the variable VAR. No other processing is done. For example,
@@ -5645,8 +5744,8 @@ fields, so the values of the fields (including '$0') and
the value of
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline/File, Next: Getline/Variable/File, Prev:
Getline/Variable, Up: Getline
-4.9.3 Using 'getline' from a File
----------------------------------
+4.10.3 Using 'getline' from a File
+----------------------------------
Use 'getline < FILE' to read the next record from FILE. Here, FILE is a
string-valued expression that specifies the file name. '< FILE' is
@@ -5678,8 +5777,8 @@ portable to all 'awk' implementations.
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline/Variable/File, Next: Getline/Pipe, Prev:
Getline/File, Up: Getline
-4.9.4 Using 'getline' into a Variable from a File
--------------------------------------------------
+4.10.4 Using 'getline' into a Variable from a File
+--------------------------------------------------
Use 'getline VAR < FILE' to read input from the file FILE, and put it in
the variable VAR. As earlier, FILE is a string-valued expression that
@@ -5722,8 +5821,8 @@ regular expression.
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline/Pipe, Next: Getline/Variable/Pipe, Prev:
Getline/Variable/File, Up: Getline
-4.9.5 Using 'getline' from a Pipe
----------------------------------
+4.10.5 Using 'getline' from a Pipe
+----------------------------------
Omniscience has much to recommend it. Failing that, attention to
details would be useful.
@@ -5792,8 +5891,8 @@ you want your program to be portable to all 'awk'
implementations.
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline/Variable/Pipe, Next: Getline/Coprocess,
Prev: Getline/Pipe, Up: Getline
-4.9.6 Using 'getline' into a Variable from a Pipe
--------------------------------------------------
+4.10.6 Using 'getline' into a Variable from a Pipe
+--------------------------------------------------
When you use 'COMMAND | getline VAR', the output of COMMAND is sent
through a pipe to 'getline' and into the variable VAR. For example, the
@@ -5819,8 +5918,8 @@ to other 'awk' implementations.
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline/Coprocess, Next: Getline/Variable/Coprocess,
Prev: Getline/Variable/Pipe, Up: Getline
-4.9.7 Using 'getline' from a Coprocess
---------------------------------------
+4.10.7 Using 'getline' from a Coprocess
+---------------------------------------
Reading input into 'getline' from a pipe is a one-way operation. The
command that is started with 'COMMAND | getline' only sends data _to_
@@ -5849,8 +5948,8 @@ coprocesses are discussed in more detail.
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline/Variable/Coprocess, Next: Getline Notes,
Prev: Getline/Coprocess, Up: Getline
-4.9.8 Using 'getline' into a Variable from a Coprocess
-------------------------------------------------------
+4.10.8 Using 'getline' into a Variable from a Coprocess
+-------------------------------------------------------
When you use 'COMMAND |& getline VAR', the output from the coprocess
COMMAND is sent through a two-way pipe to 'getline' and into the
@@ -5867,8 +5966,8 @@ coprocesses are discussed in more detail.
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline Notes, Next: Getline Summary, Prev:
Getline/Variable/Coprocess, Up: Getline
-4.9.9 Points to Remember About 'getline'
-----------------------------------------
+4.10.9 Points to Remember About 'getline'
+-----------------------------------------
Here are some miscellaneous points about 'getline' that you should bear
in mind:
@@ -5927,8 +6026,8 @@ in mind:
File: gawk.info, Node: Getline Summary, Prev: Getline Notes, Up: Getline
-4.9.10 Summary of 'getline' Variants
-------------------------------------
+4.10.10 Summary of 'getline' Variants
+-------------------------------------
*note Table 4.1: table-getline-variants. summarizes the eight variants
of 'getline', listing which predefined variables are set by each one,
@@ -5955,7 +6054,7 @@ Table 4.1: 'getline' variants and what they set
File: gawk.info, Node: Read Timeout, Next: Retrying Input, Prev: Getline,
Up: Reading Files
-4.10 Reading Input with a Timeout
+4.11 Reading Input with a Timeout
=================================
This minor node describes a feature that is specific to 'gawk'.
@@ -6049,7 +6148,7 @@ can block indefinitely until some other process opens it
for writing.
File: gawk.info, Node: Retrying Input, Next: Command-line directories,
Prev: Read Timeout, Up: Reading Files
-4.11 Retrying Reads After Certain Input Errors
+4.12 Retrying Reads After Certain Input Errors
==============================================
This minor node describes a feature that is specific to 'gawk'.
@@ -6076,7 +6175,7 @@ configured to behave in a non-blocking fashion.
File: gawk.info, Node: Command-line directories, Next: Input Summary, Prev:
Retrying Input, Up: Reading Files
-4.12 Directories on the Command Line
+4.13 Directories on the Command Line
====================================
According to the POSIX standard, files named on the 'awk' command line
@@ -6099,7 +6198,7 @@ usable data from an 'awk' program.
File: gawk.info, Node: Input Summary, Next: Input Exercises, Prev:
Command-line directories, Up: Reading Files
-4.13 Summary
+4.14 Summary
============
* Input is split into records based on the value of 'RS'. The
@@ -6171,7 +6270,7 @@ File: gawk.info, Node: Input Summary, Next: Input
Exercises, Prev: Command-li
File: gawk.info, Node: Input Exercises, Prev: Input Summary, Up: Reading
Files
-4.14 Exercises
+4.15 Exercises
==============
1. Using the 'FIELDWIDTHS' variable (*note Constant Size::), write a
@@ -33833,7 +33932,7 @@ Index
* fields, separating <1>: Field Separators. (line 15)
* fields, single-character: Single Character Fields.
(line 6)
-* FIELDWIDTHS variable: Constant Size. (line 22)
+* FIELDWIDTHS variable: Fixed width data. (line 17)
* FIELDWIDTHS variable <1>: User-modified. (line 37)
* file descriptors: Special FD. (line 6)
* file inclusion, @include directive: Include Files. (line 8)
@@ -34042,7 +34141,7 @@ Index
* gawk, features, adding: Adding Code. (line 6)
* gawk, features, advanced: Advanced Features. (line 6)
* gawk, field separators and: User-modified. (line 74)
-* gawk, FIELDWIDTHS variable in: Constant Size. (line 22)
+* gawk, FIELDWIDTHS variable in: Fixed width data. (line 17)
* gawk, FIELDWIDTHS variable in <1>: User-modified. (line 37)
* gawk, file names in: Special Files. (line 6)
* gawk, format-control characters: Control Letters. (line 18)
@@ -34093,7 +34192,8 @@ Index
* gawk, RT variable in <2>: Auto-set. (line 296)
* gawk, See Also awk: Preface. (line 34)
* gawk, source code, obtaining: Getting. (line 6)
-* gawk, splitting fields and: Constant Size. (line 103)
+* gawk, splitting fields and: Testing field creation.
+ (line 6)
* gawk, string-translation functions: I18N Functions. (line 6)
* gawk, SYMTAB array in: Auto-set. (line 300)
* gawk, TEXTDOMAIN variable in: User-modified. (line 155)
@@ -35400,8 +35500,8 @@ Index
* troubleshooting, backslash before nonspecial character: Escape Sequences.
(line 108)
* troubleshooting, division: Arithmetic Ops. (line 44)
-* troubleshooting, fatal errors, field widths, specifying: Constant Size.
- (line 22)
+* troubleshooting, fatal errors, field widths, specifying: Fixed width data.
+ (line 17)
* troubleshooting, fatal errors, printf format strings: Format Modifiers.
(line 157)
* troubleshooting, fflush() function: I/O Functions. (line 63)
@@ -35525,7 +35625,7 @@ Index
* Vinschen, Corinna: Acknowledgments. (line 60)
* w debugger command (alias for watch): Viewing And Changing Data.
(line 66)
-* w utility: Constant Size. (line 22)
+* w utility: Fixed width data. (line 17)
* wait() extension function: Extension Sample Fork.
(line 22)
* waitpid() extension function: Extension Sample Fork.
@@ -35580,574 +35680,579 @@ Index
Tag Table:
Node: Top1200
-Node: Foreword342794
-Node: Foreword447236
-Node: Preface48768
-Ref: Preface-Footnote-151627
-Ref: Preface-Footnote-251734
-Ref: Preface-Footnote-351968
-Node: History52110
-Node: Names54462
-Ref: Names-Footnote-155556
-Node: This Manual55703
-Ref: This Manual-Footnote-162188
-Node: Conventions62288
-Node: Manual History64642
-Ref: Manual History-Footnote-167637
-Ref: Manual History-Footnote-267678
-Node: How To Contribute67752
-Node: Acknowledgments68403
-Node: Getting Started73289
-Node: Running gawk75728
-Node: One-shot76918
-Node: Read Terminal78181
-Node: Long80174
-Node: Executable Scripts81687
-Ref: Executable Scripts-Footnote-184482
-Node: Comments84585
-Node: Quoting87069
-Node: DOS Quoting92586
-Node: Sample Data Files94641
-Node: Very Simple97236
-Node: Two Rules102138
-Node: More Complex104023
-Node: Statements/Lines106889
-Ref: Statements/Lines-Footnote-1111348
-Node: Other Features111613
-Node: When112549
-Ref: When-Footnote-1114303
-Node: Intro Summary114368
-Node: Invoking Gawk115252
-Node: Command Line116766
-Node: Options117564
-Ref: Options-Footnote-1134183
-Ref: Options-Footnote-2134413
-Node: Other Arguments134438
-Node: Naming Standard Input137385
-Node: Environment Variables138478
-Node: AWKPATH Variable139036
-Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-1142447
-Ref: AWKPATH Variable-Footnote-2142481
-Node: AWKLIBPATH Variable142742
-Node: Other Environment Variables143999
-Node: Exit Status147820
-Node: Include Files148497
-Node: Loading Shared Libraries152092
-Node: Obsolete153520
-Node: Undocumented154212
-Node: Invoking Summary154509
-Node: Regexp156169
-Node: Regexp Usage157623
-Node: Escape Sequences159660
-Node: Regexp Operators165892
-Ref: Regexp Operators-Footnote-1173308
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-Node: GNU Free Documentation License1303178
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+Node: Precedence396592
+Node: Locales400251
+Node: Expressions Summary401883
+Node: Patterns and Actions404456
+Node: Pattern Overview405576
+Node: Regexp Patterns407253
+Node: Expression Patterns407795
+Node: Ranges411576
+Node: BEGIN/END414684
+Node: Using BEGIN/END415445
+Ref: Using BEGIN/END-Footnote-1418181
+Node: I/O And BEGIN/END418287
+Node: BEGINFILE/ENDFILE420601
+Node: Empty423508
+Node: Using Shell Variables423825
+Node: Action Overview426099
+Node: Statements428424
+Node: If Statement430272
+Node: While Statement431767
+Node: Do Statement433795
+Node: For Statement434943
+Node: Switch Statement438101
+Node: Break Statement440487
+Node: Continue Statement442579
+Node: Next Statement444406
+Node: Nextfile Statement446789
+Node: Exit Statement449441
+Node: Built-in Variables451844
+Node: User-modified452977
+Node: Auto-set460744
+Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-1475472
+Ref: Auto-set-Footnote-2475678
+Node: ARGC and ARGV475734
+Node: Pattern Action Summary479947
+Node: Arrays482377
+Node: Array Basics483706
+Node: Array Intro484550
+Ref: figure-array-elements486525
+Ref: Array Intro-Footnote-1489229
+Node: Reference to Elements489357
+Node: Assigning Elements491821
+Node: Array Example492312
+Node: Scanning an Array494071
+Node: Controlling Scanning497093
+Ref: Controlling Scanning-Footnote-1502492
+Node: Numeric Array Subscripts502808
+Node: Uninitialized Subscripts504992
+Node: Delete506611
+Ref: Delete-Footnote-1509363
+Node: Multidimensional509420
+Node: Multiscanning512515
+Node: Arrays of Arrays514106
+Node: Arrays Summary518873
+Node: Functions520966
+Node: Built-in522004
+Node: Calling Built-in523085
+Node: Numeric Functions525081
+Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-1530026
+Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-2530383
+Ref: Numeric Functions-Footnote-3530431
+Node: String Functions530703
+Ref: String Functions-Footnote-1554361
+Ref: String Functions-Footnote-2554489
+Ref: String Functions-Footnote-3554737
+Node: Gory Details554824
+Ref: table-sub-escapes556615
+Ref: table-sub-proposed558134
+Ref: table-posix-sub559497
+Ref: table-gensub-escapes561038
+Ref: Gory Details-Footnote-1561861
+Node: I/O Functions562015
+Ref: table-system-return-values568597
+Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-1570577
+Ref: I/O Functions-Footnote-2570725
+Node: Time Functions570845
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-1581512
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-2581580
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-3581738
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-4581849
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-5581961
+Ref: Time Functions-Footnote-6582188
+Node: Bitwise Functions582454
+Ref: table-bitwise-ops583048
+Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-1589081
+Ref: Bitwise Functions-Footnote-2589254
+Node: Type Functions589445
+Node: I18N Functions592120
+Node: User-defined593771
+Node: Definition Syntax594576
+Ref: Definition Syntax-Footnote-1600263
+Node: Function Example600334
+Ref: Function Example-Footnote-1603256
+Node: Function Caveats603278
+Node: Calling A Function603796
+Node: Variable Scope604754
+Node: Pass By Value/Reference607748
+Node: Return Statement611247
+Node: Dynamic Typing614226
+Node: Indirect Calls615156
+Ref: Indirect Calls-Footnote-1625407
+Node: Functions Summary625535
+Node: Library Functions628240
+Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-1631847
+Ref: Library Functions-Footnote-2631990
+Node: Library Names632161
+Ref: Library Names-Footnote-1635621
+Ref: Library Names-Footnote-2635844
+Node: General Functions635930
+Node: Strtonum Function637033
+Node: Assert Function640055
+Node: Round Function643381
+Node: Cliff Random Function644922
+Node: Ordinal Functions645938
+Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-1649001
+Ref: Ordinal Functions-Footnote-2649253
+Node: Join Function649463
+Ref: Join Function-Footnote-1651233
+Node: Getlocaltime Function651433
+Node: Readfile Function655175
+Node: Shell Quoting657147
+Node: Data File Management658548
+Node: Filetrans Function659180
+Node: Rewind Function663276
+Node: File Checking665182
+Ref: File Checking-Footnote-1666516
+Node: Empty Files666717
+Node: Ignoring Assigns668696
+Node: Getopt Function670246
+Ref: Getopt Function-Footnote-1681715
+Node: Passwd Functions681915
+Ref: Passwd Functions-Footnote-1690754
+Node: Group Functions690842
+Ref: Group Functions-Footnote-1698740
+Node: Walking Arrays698947
+Node: Library Functions Summary701955
+Node: Library Exercises703361
+Node: Sample Programs703826
+Node: Running Examples704596
+Node: Clones705324
+Node: Cut Program706548
+Node: Egrep Program716477
+Ref: Egrep Program-Footnote-1723989
+Node: Id Program724099
+Node: Split Program727779
+Ref: Split Program-Footnote-1731238
+Node: Tee Program731367
+Node: Uniq Program734157
+Node: Wc Program741583
+Ref: Wc Program-Footnote-1745838
+Node: Miscellaneous Programs745932
+Node: Dupword Program747145
+Node: Alarm Program749175
+Node: Translate Program754030
+Ref: Translate Program-Footnote-1758595
+Node: Labels Program758865
+Ref: Labels Program-Footnote-1762216
+Node: Word Sorting762300
+Node: History Sorting766372
+Node: Extract Program768207
+Node: Simple Sed775736
+Node: Igawk Program778810
+Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-1793141
+Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-2793343
+Ref: Igawk Program-Footnote-3793465
+Node: Anagram Program793580
+Node: Signature Program796642
+Node: Programs Summary797889
+Node: Programs Exercises799103
+Ref: Programs Exercises-Footnote-1803232
+Node: Advanced Features803323
+Node: Nondecimal Data805313
+Node: Array Sorting806904
+Node: Controlling Array Traversal807604
+Ref: Controlling Array Traversal-Footnote-1815971
+Node: Array Sorting Functions816089
+Ref: Array Sorting Functions-Footnote-1821180
+Node: Two-way I/O821376
+Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-1827927
+Ref: Two-way I/O-Footnote-2828114
+Node: TCP/IP Networking828196
+Node: Profiling831314
+Ref: Profiling-Footnote-1839986
+Node: Advanced Features Summary840309
+Node: Internationalization842153
+Node: I18N and L10N843633
+Node: Explaining gettext844320
+Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-1850212
+Ref: Explaining gettext-Footnote-2850397
+Node: Programmer i18n850562
+Ref: Programmer i18n-Footnote-1855511
+Node: Translator i18n855560
+Node: String Extraction856354
+Ref: String Extraction-Footnote-1857486
+Node: Printf Ordering857572
+Ref: Printf Ordering-Footnote-1860358
+Node: I18N Portability860422
+Ref: I18N Portability-Footnote-1862878
+Node: I18N Example862941
+Ref: I18N Example-Footnote-1865747
+Node: Gawk I18N865820
+Node: I18N Summary866465
+Node: Debugger867806
+Node: Debugging868828
+Node: Debugging Concepts869269
+Node: Debugging Terms871078
+Node: Awk Debugging873653
+Node: Sample Debugging Session874559
+Node: Debugger Invocation875093
+Node: Finding The Bug876479
+Node: List of Debugger Commands882957
+Node: Breakpoint Control884290
+Node: Debugger Execution Control887984
+Node: Viewing And Changing Data891346
+Node: Execution Stack894720
+Node: Debugger Info896357
+Node: Miscellaneous Debugger Commands900428
+Node: Readline Support905516
+Node: Limitations906412
+Node: Debugging Summary908521
+Node: Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic909800
+Node: Computer Arithmetic911216
+Ref: table-numeric-ranges914807
+Ref: Computer Arithmetic-Footnote-1915529
+Node: Math Definitions915586
+Ref: table-ieee-formats918900
+Ref: Math Definitions-Footnote-1919503
+Node: MPFR features919608
+Node: FP Math Caution921325
+Ref: FP Math Caution-Footnote-1922397
+Node: Inexactness of computations922766
+Node: Inexact representation923726
+Node: Comparing FP Values925086
+Node: Errors accumulate926168
+Node: Getting Accuracy927601
+Node: Try To Round930311
+Node: Setting precision931210
+Ref: table-predefined-precision-strings931907
+Node: Setting the rounding mode933737
+Ref: table-gawk-rounding-modes934111
+Ref: Setting the rounding mode-Footnote-1937519
+Node: Arbitrary Precision Integers937698
+Ref: Arbitrary Precision Integers-Footnote-1942615
+Node: POSIX Floating Point Problems942764
+Ref: POSIX Floating Point Problems-Footnote-1946646
+Node: Floating point summary946684
+Node: Dynamic Extensions948874
+Node: Extension Intro950427
+Node: Plugin License951693
+Node: Extension Mechanism Outline952490
+Ref: figure-load-extension952929
+Ref: figure-register-new-function954494
+Ref: figure-call-new-function955586
+Node: Extension API Description957648
+Node: Extension API Functions Introduction959290
+Node: General Data Types964624
+Ref: General Data Types-Footnote-1971829
+Node: Memory Allocation Functions972128
+Ref: Memory Allocation Functions-Footnote-1974973
+Node: Constructor Functions975072
+Node: Registration Functions978071
+Node: Extension Functions978756
+Node: Exit Callback Functions983969
+Node: Extension Version String985219
+Node: Input Parsers985882
+Node: Output Wrappers998589
+Node: Two-way processors1003101
+Node: Printing Messages1005366
+Ref: Printing Messages-Footnote-11006537
+Node: Updating ERRNO1006690
+Node: Requesting Values1007429
+Ref: table-value-types-returned1008166
+Node: Accessing Parameters1009102
+Node: Symbol Table Access1010337
+Node: Symbol table by name1010849
+Node: Symbol table by cookie1012638
+Ref: Symbol table by cookie-Footnote-11016823
+Node: Cached values1016887
+Ref: Cached values-Footnote-11020423
+Node: Array Manipulation1020514
+Ref: Array Manipulation-Footnote-11021605
+Node: Array Data Types1021642
+Ref: Array Data Types-Footnote-11024300
+Node: Array Functions1024392
+Node: Flattening Arrays1028791
+Node: Creating Arrays1035732
+Node: Redirection API1040501
+Node: Extension API Variables1043343
+Node: Extension Versioning1043976
+Ref: gawk-api-version1044413
+Node: Extension API Informational Variables1046141
+Node: Extension API Boilerplate1047205
+Node: Changes from API V11051067
+Node: Finding Extensions1051727
+Node: Extension Example1052286
+Node: Internal File Description1053084
+Node: Internal File Ops1057164
+Ref: Internal File Ops-Footnote-11068564
+Node: Using Internal File Ops1068704
+Ref: Using Internal File Ops-Footnote-11071087
+Node: Extension Samples1071361
+Node: Extension Sample File Functions1072890
+Node: Extension Sample Fnmatch1080539
+Node: Extension Sample Fork1082026
+Node: Extension Sample Inplace1083244
+Node: Extension Sample Ord1086454
+Node: Extension Sample Readdir1087290
+Ref: table-readdir-file-types1088179
+Node: Extension Sample Revout1088984
+Node: Extension Sample Rev2way1089573
+Node: Extension Sample Read write array1090313
+Node: Extension Sample Readfile1092255
+Node: Extension Sample Time1093350
+Node: Extension Sample API Tests1094698
+Node: gawkextlib1095190
+Node: Extension summary1097637
+Node: Extension Exercises1101339
+Node: Language History1102837
+Node: V7/SVR3.11104493
+Node: SVR41106645
+Node: POSIX1108079
+Node: BTL1109458
+Node: POSIX/GNU1110187
+Node: Feature History1116079
+Node: Common Extensions1130449
+Node: Ranges and Locales1131732
+Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-11136348
+Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-21136375
+Ref: Ranges and Locales-Footnote-31136610
+Node: Contributors1136831
+Node: History summary1142391
+Node: Installation1143771
+Node: Gawk Distribution1144715
+Node: Getting1145199
+Node: Extracting1146160
+Node: Distribution contents1147798
+Node: Unix Installation1154140
+Node: Quick Installation1154822
+Node: Shell Startup Files1157236
+Node: Additional Configuration Options1158325
+Node: Configuration Philosophy1160314
+Node: Non-Unix Installation1162683
+Node: PC Installation1163143
+Node: PC Binary Installation1163981
+Node: PC Compiling1164416
+Node: PC Using1165533
+Node: Cygwin1168578
+Node: MSYS1169348
+Node: VMS Installation1169849
+Node: VMS Compilation1170640
+Ref: VMS Compilation-Footnote-11171869
+Node: VMS Dynamic Extensions1171927
+Node: VMS Installation Details1173612
+Node: VMS Running1175865
+Node: VMS GNV1180144
+Node: VMS Old Gawk1180879
+Node: Bugs1181350
+Node: Bug address1182013
+Node: Usenet1184410
+Node: Maintainers1185187
+Node: Other Versions1186563
+Node: Installation summary1193147
+Node: Notes1194182
+Node: Compatibility Mode1195047
+Node: Additions1195829
+Node: Accessing The Source1196754
+Node: Adding Code1198189
+Node: New Ports1204407
+Node: Derived Files1208895
+Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-11214380
+Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-21214415
+Ref: Derived Files-Footnote-31215013
+Node: Future Extensions1215127
+Node: Implementation Limitations1215785
+Node: Extension Design1216968
+Node: Old Extension Problems1218122
+Ref: Old Extension Problems-Footnote-11219640
+Node: Extension New Mechanism Goals1219697
+Ref: Extension New Mechanism Goals-Footnote-11223061
+Node: Extension Other Design Decisions1223250
+Node: Extension Future Growth1225363
+Node: Old Extension Mechanism1226199
+Node: Notes summary1227962
+Node: Basic Concepts1229144
+Node: Basic High Level1229825
+Ref: figure-general-flow1230107
+Ref: figure-process-flow1230792
+Ref: Basic High Level-Footnote-11234093
+Node: Basic Data Typing1234278
+Node: Glossary1237606
+Node: Copying1269553
+Node: GNU Free Documentation License1307092
+Node: Index1332210
End Tag Table
diff --git a/doc/gawk.texi b/doc/gawk.texi
index 353a0c9..5b9eeed 100644
--- a/doc/gawk.texi
+++ b/doc/gawk.texi
@@ -568,7 +568,13 @@ particular records in a file and perform operations upon
them.
field.
* Field Splitting Summary:: Some final points and a summary table.
* Constant Size:: Reading constant width data.
+* Fixed width data:: Processing fixed-width data.
+* Skipping intervening:: Skipping intervening fields.
+* Allowing trailing data:: Capturing optional trailing data.
+* Fields with fixed data:: Field values with fixed-width data.
* Splitting By Content:: Defining Fields By Content
+* Testing field creation:: Checking how @command{gawk} is
+ splitting records.
* Multiple Line:: Reading multiline records.
* Getline:: Reading files under explicit program
control using the @code{getline}
@@ -6431,6 +6437,8 @@ used with it do not have to be named on the @command{awk}
command line
* Field Separators:: The field separator and how to change it.
* Constant Size:: Reading constant width data.
* Splitting By Content:: Defining Fields By Content
+* Testing field creation:: Checking how @command{gawk} is splitting
+ records.
* Multiple Line:: Reading multiline records.
* Getline:: Reading files under explicit program control
using the @code{getline} function.
@@ -7756,18 +7764,30 @@ feature of @command{gawk}. If you are a novice
@command{awk} user,
you might want to skip it on the first reading.
@command{gawk} provides a facility for dealing with fixed-width fields
-with no distinctive field separator. For example, data of this nature
-arises in the input for old Fortran programs where numbers are run
-together, or in the output of programs that did not anticipate the use
-of their output as input for other programs.
-
-An example of the latter is a table where all the columns are lined up by
-the use of a variable number of spaces and @emph{empty fields are just
-spaces}. Clearly, @command{awk}'s normal field splitting based on @code{FS}
-does not work well in this case. Although a portable @command{awk} program
-can use a series of @code{substr()} calls on @code{$0}
-(@pxref{String Functions}),
-this is awkward and inefficient for a large number of fields.
+with no distinctive field separator. We discuss this feature in
+the following @value{SUBSECTION}s.
+
address@hidden
+* Fixed width data:: Processing fixed-width data.
+* Skipping intervening:: Skipping intervening fields.
+* Allowing trailing data:: Capturing optional trailing data.
+* Fields with fixed data:: Field values with fixed-width data.
address@hidden menu
+
address@hidden Fixed width data
address@hidden Processing Fixed-Width Data
+
+An example of fixed-width data would be the input for old Fortran programs
+where numbers are run together, or the output of programs that did not
+anticipate the use of their output as input for other programs.
+
+An example of the latter is a table where all the columns are lined up
+by the use of a variable number of spaces and @emph{empty fields are
+just spaces}. Clearly, @command{awk}'s normal field splitting based
+on @code{FS} does not work well in this case. Although a portable
address@hidden program can use a series of @code{substr()} calls on
address@hidden (@pxref{String Functions}), this is awkward and inefficient
+for a large number of fields.
@cindex troubleshooting, fatal errors, field address@hidden specifying
@cindex @command{w} utility
@@ -7775,14 +7795,12 @@ this is awkward and inefficient for a large number of
fields.
@cindex @command{gawk}, @code{FIELDWIDTHS} variable in
The splitting of an input record into fixed-width fields is specified by
assigning a string containing space-separated numbers to the built-in
-variable @code{FIELDWIDTHS}. Each number specifies the width of the field,
address@hidden columns between fields. If you want to ignore the columns
-between fields, you can specify the width as a separate field that is
-subsequently ignored.
-Or, starting in @value{PVERSION} 4.2, each field width may optionally be
-preceded by a colon-separated value specifying the number of characters to skip
-before the field starts.
-It is a fatal error to supply a field width that has a negative value.
+variable @code{FIELDWIDTHS}. Each number specifies the width of the
+field, @emph{including} columns between fields. If you want to ignore
+the columns between fields, you can specify the width as a separate
+field that is subsequently ignored. It is a fatal error to supply a
+field width that has a negative value.
+
The following data is the output of the Unix @command{w} utility. It is useful
to illustrate the use of @code{FIELDWIDTHS}:
@@ -7812,7 +7830,7 @@ NR > 2 @{
sub(/^ +/, "", idle) # strip leading spaces
if (idle == "")
idle = 0
- if (idle ~ /:/) @{
+ if (idle ~ /:/) @{ # hh:mm
split(idle, t, ":")
idle = t[1] * 60 + t[2]
@}
@@ -7841,13 +7859,30 @@ brent ttyp0 286
dave ttyq4 1296000
@end example
-Starting in @value{PVERSION} 4.2, this program could be rewritten to
-specify @code{FIELDWIDTHS} like so:
+Another (possibly more practical) example of fixed-width input data
+is the input from a deck of balloting cards. In some parts of
+the United States, voters mark their choices by punching holes in computer
+cards. These cards are then processed to count the votes for any particular
+candidate or on any particular issue. Because a voter may choose not to
+vote on some issue, any column on the card may be empty. An @command{awk}
+program for processing such data could use the @code{FIELDWIDTHS} feature
+to simplify reading the data. (Of course, getting @command{gawk} to run on
+a system with card readers is another story!)
+
address@hidden Skipping intervening
address@hidden Skipping Intervening Fields
+
+Starting in @value{PVERSION} 4.2, each field width may optionally be
+preceded by a colon-separated value specifying the number of characters
+to skip before the field starts. Thus, the preceding program could be
+rewritten to specify @code{FIELDWIDTHS} like so:
+
@example
BEGIN @{ FIELDWIDTHS = "8 1:5 4:7 6 1:6 1:6 2:33" @}
@end example
+
This strips away some of the white space separating the fields. With such
-a change, the program would produce the following results:
+a change, the program produces the following results:
@example
hzang ttyV3 50
@@ -7859,42 +7894,65 @@ brent ttyp0 286
dave ttyq4 1296000
@end example
-Another (possibly more practical) example of fixed-width input data
-is the input from a deck of balloting cards. In some parts of
-the United States, voters mark their choices by punching holes in computer
-cards. These cards are then processed to count the votes for any particular
-candidate or on any particular issue. Because a voter may choose not to
-vote on some issue, any column on the card may be empty. An @command{awk}
-program for processing such data could use the @code{FIELDWIDTHS} feature
-to simplify reading the data. (Of course, getting @command{gawk} to run on
-a system with card readers is another story!)
address@hidden Allowing trailing data
address@hidden Capturing Optional Trailing Data
address@hidden @command{gawk}, splitting fields and
-Assigning a value to @code{FS} causes @command{gawk} to use
address@hidden for field splitting again. Use @samp{FS = FS} to make this
happen,
-without having to know the current value of @code{FS}.
-In order to tell which kind of field splitting is in effect,
-use @code{PROCINFO["FS"]}
-(@pxref{Auto-set}).
-The value is @code{"FS"} if regular field splitting is being used,
-or @code{"FIELDWIDTHS"} if fixed-width field splitting is being used:
+There are times when fixed-width data may be followed by additional data
+that has no fixed length. Such data may or may not be present, but if
+it is, it should be possible to get at it from an @command{awk} program.
+
+Starting with version 4.2, in order to provide a way to say ``anything
+else in the record after the defined fields,'' @command{gawk}
+allows you to add a final @samp{*} character to the value of
address@hidden There can only be one such character, and it must
+be the final non-whitespace character in @code{FIELDWIDTHS}.
+For example:
@example
-if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FS")
- @var{regular field splitting} @dots{}
-else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FIELDWIDTHS")
- @var{fixed-width field splitting} @dots{}
-else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FPAT")
- @var{content-based field splitting} @dots{} @ii{(see next @value{SECTION})}
-else
- @var{API input parser field splitting} @dots{} @ii{(advanced feature)}
+$ @kbd{cat fw.awk} @ii{Show the program}
address@hidden BEGIN @{ FIELDWIDTHS = "2 2 *" @}
address@hidden @{ print NF, $1, $2, $3 @}
+$ @kbd{cat fw.in} @ii{Show sample input}
address@hidden 1234abcdefghi
+$ @kbd{gawk -f fw.awk fw.in} @ii{Run the program}
address@hidden 3 12 34 abcdefghi
@end example
-This information is useful when writing a function
-that needs to temporarily change @code{FS} or @code{FIELDWIDTHS},
-read some records, and then restore the original settings
-(@pxref{Passwd Functions}
-for an example of such a function).
address@hidden Fields with fixed data
address@hidden Field Values With Fixed-Width Data
+
+So far, so good. But what happens if there isn't as much data as there
+should be based on the contents of @code{FIELDWIDTHS}? Or, what happens
+if there is more data than expected?
+
+For many years, what happens in these cases was not well defined. Starting
+with version 4.2, the rules are as follows:
+
address@hidden @asis
address@hidden Enough data for some fields
+For example, if @code{FIELDWIDTHS} is set to @code{"2 3 4"} and the
+input record is @samp{aabbb}. In this case, @code{NF} is set to two.
+
address@hidden Not enough data for a field
+For example, if @code{FIELDWIDTHS} is set to @code{"2 3 4"} and the
+input record is @samp{aab}. In this case, @code{NF} is set to two and
address@hidden has the value @code{"b"}. The idea is that even though there
+aren't as many characters as were expected, there are some, so the data
+should be made available to the program.
+
address@hidden Too much data
+For example, if @code{FIELDWIDTHS} is set to @code{"2 3 4"} and the
+input record is @samp{aabbbccccddd}. In this case, @code{NF} is set to
+three and the extra characters (@samp{ddd}) are ignored. If you want
address@hidden to capture the extra characters, supply a final @samp{*}
+in the value of @code{FIELDWIDTHS}.
+
address@hidden Too much data, but with @samp{*} supplied
+For example, if @code{FIELDWIDTHS} is set to @code{"2 3 4 *"} and the
+input record is @samp{aabbbccccddd}. In this case, @code{NF} is set to
+four, and @code{$4} has the value @code{"ddd"}.
+
address@hidden table
@node Splitting By Content
@section Defining Fields by Content
@@ -7995,8 +8053,6 @@ affects field splitting with @code{FPAT}.
Assigning a value to @code{FPAT} overrides field splitting
with @code{FS} and with @code{FIELDWIDTHS}.
-Similar to @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, the value of @code{PROCINFO["FS"]}
-will be @code{"FPAT"} if content-based field splitting is being used.
@quotation NOTE
Some programs export CSV data that contains embedded newlines between
@@ -8023,13 +8079,44 @@ FPAT = "([^,]*)|(\"[^\"]+\")"
Finally, the @code{patsplit()} function makes the same functionality
available for splitting regular strings (@pxref{String Functions}).
-To recap, @command{gawk} provides three independent methods
-to split input records into fields.
-The mechanism used is based on which of the three
address@hidden, @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, or @code{FPAT}---was
-last assigned to. In addition, an API input parser may choose to
-override the record parsing mechanism; please refer to @ref{Input Parsers}
-for further information about this feature.
+
address@hidden Testing field creation
address@hidden Checking How @command{gawk} Is Splitting Records
+
address@hidden @command{gawk}, splitting fields and
+As we've seen, @command{gawk} provides three independent methods to split
+input records into fields. The mechanism used is based on which of the
+three address@hidden, @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, or @code{FPAT}---was
+last assigned to. In addition, an API input parser may choose to override
+the record parsing mechanism; please refer to @ref{Input Parsers} for
+further information about this feature.
+
+To restore normal field splitting after using @code{FIELDWIDTHS}
+and/or @code{FPAT}, simply assign a value to @code{FS}.
+You can use @samp{FS = FS} to do this,
+without having to know the current value of @code{FS}.
+
+In order to tell which kind of field splitting is in effect,
+use @code{PROCINFO["FS"]} (@pxref{Auto-set}).
+The value is @code{"FS"} if regular field splitting is being used,
address@hidden"FIELDWIDTHS"} if fixed-width field splitting is being used,
+or @code{"FPAT"} if content-based field splitting is being used:
+
address@hidden
+if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FS")
+ @var{regular field splitting} @dots{}
+else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FIELDWIDTHS")
+ @var{fixed-width field splitting} @dots{}
+else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FPAT")
+ @var{content-based field splitting}
+else
+ @var{API input parser field splitting} @dots{} @ii{(advanced feature)}
address@hidden example
+
+This information is useful when writing a function that needs to
+temporarily change @code{FS} or @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, read some records,
+and then restore the original settings (@pxref{Passwd Functions} for an
+example of such a function).
@node Multiple Line
@section Multiple-Line Records
diff --git a/doc/gawktexi.in b/doc/gawktexi.in
index d570793..1e1b134 100644
--- a/doc/gawktexi.in
+++ b/doc/gawktexi.in
@@ -563,7 +563,13 @@ particular records in a file and perform operations upon
them.
field.
* Field Splitting Summary:: Some final points and a summary table.
* Constant Size:: Reading constant width data.
+* Fixed width data:: Processing fixed-width data.
+* Skipping intervening:: Skipping intervening fields.
+* Allowing trailing data:: Capturing optional trailing data.
+* Fields with fixed data:: Field values with fixed-width data.
* Splitting By Content:: Defining Fields By Content
+* Testing field creation:: Checking how @command{gawk} is
+ splitting records.
* Multiple Line:: Reading multiline records.
* Getline:: Reading files under explicit program
control using the @code{getline}
@@ -6215,6 +6221,8 @@ used with it do not have to be named on the @command{awk}
command line
* Field Separators:: The field separator and how to change it.
* Constant Size:: Reading constant width data.
* Splitting By Content:: Defining Fields By Content
+* Testing field creation:: Checking how @command{gawk} is splitting
+ records.
* Multiple Line:: Reading multiline records.
* Getline:: Reading files under explicit program control
using the @code{getline} function.
@@ -7356,18 +7364,30 @@ feature of @command{gawk}. If you are a novice
@command{awk} user,
you might want to skip it on the first reading.
@command{gawk} provides a facility for dealing with fixed-width fields
-with no distinctive field separator. For example, data of this nature
-arises in the input for old Fortran programs where numbers are run
-together, or in the output of programs that did not anticipate the use
-of their output as input for other programs.
-
-An example of the latter is a table where all the columns are lined up by
-the use of a variable number of spaces and @emph{empty fields are just
-spaces}. Clearly, @command{awk}'s normal field splitting based on @code{FS}
-does not work well in this case. Although a portable @command{awk} program
-can use a series of @code{substr()} calls on @code{$0}
-(@pxref{String Functions}),
-this is awkward and inefficient for a large number of fields.
+with no distinctive field separator. We discuss this feature in
+the following @value{SUBSECTION}s.
+
address@hidden
+* Fixed width data:: Processing fixed-width data.
+* Skipping intervening:: Skipping intervening fields.
+* Allowing trailing data:: Capturing optional trailing data.
+* Fields with fixed data:: Field values with fixed-width data.
address@hidden menu
+
address@hidden Fixed width data
address@hidden Processing Fixed-Width Data
+
+An example of fixed-width data would be the input for old Fortran programs
+where numbers are run together, or the output of programs that did not
+anticipate the use of their output as input for other programs.
+
+An example of the latter is a table where all the columns are lined up
+by the use of a variable number of spaces and @emph{empty fields are
+just spaces}. Clearly, @command{awk}'s normal field splitting based
+on @code{FS} does not work well in this case. Although a portable
address@hidden program can use a series of @code{substr()} calls on
address@hidden (@pxref{String Functions}), this is awkward and inefficient
+for a large number of fields.
@cindex troubleshooting, fatal errors, field address@hidden specifying
@cindex @command{w} utility
@@ -7375,14 +7395,12 @@ this is awkward and inefficient for a large number of
fields.
@cindex @command{gawk}, @code{FIELDWIDTHS} variable in
The splitting of an input record into fixed-width fields is specified by
assigning a string containing space-separated numbers to the built-in
-variable @code{FIELDWIDTHS}. Each number specifies the width of the field,
address@hidden columns between fields. If you want to ignore the columns
-between fields, you can specify the width as a separate field that is
-subsequently ignored.
-Or, starting in @value{PVERSION} 4.2, each field width may optionally be
-preceded by a colon-separated value specifying the number of characters to skip
-before the field starts.
-It is a fatal error to supply a field width that has a negative value.
+variable @code{FIELDWIDTHS}. Each number specifies the width of the
+field, @emph{including} columns between fields. If you want to ignore
+the columns between fields, you can specify the width as a separate
+field that is subsequently ignored. It is a fatal error to supply a
+field width that has a negative value.
+
The following data is the output of the Unix @command{w} utility. It is useful
to illustrate the use of @code{FIELDWIDTHS}:
@@ -7412,7 +7430,7 @@ NR > 2 @{
sub(/^ +/, "", idle) # strip leading spaces
if (idle == "")
idle = 0
- if (idle ~ /:/) @{
+ if (idle ~ /:/) @{ # hh:mm
split(idle, t, ":")
idle = t[1] * 60 + t[2]
@}
@@ -7441,13 +7459,30 @@ brent ttyp0 286
dave ttyq4 1296000
@end example
-Starting in @value{PVERSION} 4.2, this program could be rewritten to
-specify @code{FIELDWIDTHS} like so:
+Another (possibly more practical) example of fixed-width input data
+is the input from a deck of balloting cards. In some parts of
+the United States, voters mark their choices by punching holes in computer
+cards. These cards are then processed to count the votes for any particular
+candidate or on any particular issue. Because a voter may choose not to
+vote on some issue, any column on the card may be empty. An @command{awk}
+program for processing such data could use the @code{FIELDWIDTHS} feature
+to simplify reading the data. (Of course, getting @command{gawk} to run on
+a system with card readers is another story!)
+
address@hidden Skipping intervening
address@hidden Skipping Intervening Fields
+
+Starting in @value{PVERSION} 4.2, each field width may optionally be
+preceded by a colon-separated value specifying the number of characters
+to skip before the field starts. Thus, the preceding program could be
+rewritten to specify @code{FIELDWIDTHS} like so:
+
@example
BEGIN @{ FIELDWIDTHS = "8 1:5 4:7 6 1:6 1:6 2:33" @}
@end example
+
This strips away some of the white space separating the fields. With such
-a change, the program would produce the following results:
+a change, the program produces the following results:
@example
hzang ttyV3 50
@@ -7459,42 +7494,65 @@ brent ttyp0 286
dave ttyq4 1296000
@end example
-Another (possibly more practical) example of fixed-width input data
-is the input from a deck of balloting cards. In some parts of
-the United States, voters mark their choices by punching holes in computer
-cards. These cards are then processed to count the votes for any particular
-candidate or on any particular issue. Because a voter may choose not to
-vote on some issue, any column on the card may be empty. An @command{awk}
-program for processing such data could use the @code{FIELDWIDTHS} feature
-to simplify reading the data. (Of course, getting @command{gawk} to run on
-a system with card readers is another story!)
address@hidden Allowing trailing data
address@hidden Capturing Optional Trailing Data
address@hidden @command{gawk}, splitting fields and
-Assigning a value to @code{FS} causes @command{gawk} to use
address@hidden for field splitting again. Use @samp{FS = FS} to make this
happen,
-without having to know the current value of @code{FS}.
-In order to tell which kind of field splitting is in effect,
-use @code{PROCINFO["FS"]}
-(@pxref{Auto-set}).
-The value is @code{"FS"} if regular field splitting is being used,
-or @code{"FIELDWIDTHS"} if fixed-width field splitting is being used:
+There are times when fixed-width data may be followed by additional data
+that has no fixed length. Such data may or may not be present, but if
+it is, it should be possible to get at it from an @command{awk} program.
+
+Starting with version 4.2, in order to provide a way to say ``anything
+else in the record after the defined fields,'' @command{gawk}
+allows you to add a final @samp{*} character to the value of
address@hidden There can only be one such character, and it must
+be the final non-whitespace character in @code{FIELDWIDTHS}.
+For example:
@example
-if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FS")
- @var{regular field splitting} @dots{}
-else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FIELDWIDTHS")
- @var{fixed-width field splitting} @dots{}
-else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FPAT")
- @var{content-based field splitting} @dots{} @ii{(see next @value{SECTION})}
-else
- @var{API input parser field splitting} @dots{} @ii{(advanced feature)}
+$ @kbd{cat fw.awk} @ii{Show the program}
address@hidden BEGIN @{ FIELDWIDTHS = "2 2 *" @}
address@hidden @{ print NF, $1, $2, $3 @}
+$ @kbd{cat fw.in} @ii{Show sample input}
address@hidden 1234abcdefghi
+$ @kbd{gawk -f fw.awk fw.in} @ii{Run the program}
address@hidden 3 12 34 abcdefghi
@end example
-This information is useful when writing a function
-that needs to temporarily change @code{FS} or @code{FIELDWIDTHS},
-read some records, and then restore the original settings
-(@pxref{Passwd Functions}
-for an example of such a function).
address@hidden Fields with fixed data
address@hidden Field Values With Fixed-Width Data
+
+So far, so good. But what happens if there isn't as much data as there
+should be based on the contents of @code{FIELDWIDTHS}? Or, what happens
+if there is more data than expected?
+
+For many years, what happens in these cases was not well defined. Starting
+with version 4.2, the rules are as follows:
+
address@hidden @asis
address@hidden Enough data for some fields
+For example, if @code{FIELDWIDTHS} is set to @code{"2 3 4"} and the
+input record is @samp{aabbb}. In this case, @code{NF} is set to two.
+
address@hidden Not enough data for a field
+For example, if @code{FIELDWIDTHS} is set to @code{"2 3 4"} and the
+input record is @samp{aab}. In this case, @code{NF} is set to two and
address@hidden has the value @code{"b"}. The idea is that even though there
+aren't as many characters as were expected, there are some, so the data
+should be made available to the program.
+
address@hidden Too much data
+For example, if @code{FIELDWIDTHS} is set to @code{"2 3 4"} and the
+input record is @samp{aabbbccccddd}. In this case, @code{NF} is set to
+three and the extra characters (@samp{ddd}) are ignored. If you want
address@hidden to capture the extra characters, supply a final @samp{*}
+in the value of @code{FIELDWIDTHS}.
+
address@hidden Too much data, but with @samp{*} supplied
+For example, if @code{FIELDWIDTHS} is set to @code{"2 3 4 *"} and the
+input record is @samp{aabbbccccddd}. In this case, @code{NF} is set to
+four, and @code{$4} has the value @code{"ddd"}.
+
address@hidden table
@node Splitting By Content
@section Defining Fields by Content
@@ -7595,8 +7653,6 @@ affects field splitting with @code{FPAT}.
Assigning a value to @code{FPAT} overrides field splitting
with @code{FS} and with @code{FIELDWIDTHS}.
-Similar to @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, the value of @code{PROCINFO["FS"]}
-will be @code{"FPAT"} if content-based field splitting is being used.
@quotation NOTE
Some programs export CSV data that contains embedded newlines between
@@ -7623,13 +7679,44 @@ FPAT = "([^,]*)|(\"[^\"]+\")"
Finally, the @code{patsplit()} function makes the same functionality
available for splitting regular strings (@pxref{String Functions}).
-To recap, @command{gawk} provides three independent methods
-to split input records into fields.
-The mechanism used is based on which of the three
address@hidden, @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, or @code{FPAT}---was
-last assigned to. In addition, an API input parser may choose to
-override the record parsing mechanism; please refer to @ref{Input Parsers}
-for further information about this feature.
+
address@hidden Testing field creation
address@hidden Checking How @command{gawk} Is Splitting Records
+
address@hidden @command{gawk}, splitting fields and
+As we've seen, @command{gawk} provides three independent methods to split
+input records into fields. The mechanism used is based on which of the
+three address@hidden, @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, or @code{FPAT}---was
+last assigned to. In addition, an API input parser may choose to override
+the record parsing mechanism; please refer to @ref{Input Parsers} for
+further information about this feature.
+
+To restore normal field splitting after using @code{FIELDWIDTHS}
+and/or @code{FPAT}, simply assign a value to @code{FS}.
+You can use @samp{FS = FS} to do this,
+without having to know the current value of @code{FS}.
+
+In order to tell which kind of field splitting is in effect,
+use @code{PROCINFO["FS"]} (@pxref{Auto-set}).
+The value is @code{"FS"} if regular field splitting is being used,
address@hidden"FIELDWIDTHS"} if fixed-width field splitting is being used,
+or @code{"FPAT"} if content-based field splitting is being used:
+
address@hidden
+if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FS")
+ @var{regular field splitting} @dots{}
+else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FIELDWIDTHS")
+ @var{fixed-width field splitting} @dots{}
+else if (PROCINFO["FS"] == "FPAT")
+ @var{content-based field splitting}
+else
+ @var{API input parser field splitting} @dots{} @ii{(advanced feature)}
address@hidden example
+
+This information is useful when writing a function that needs to
+temporarily change @code{FS} or @code{FIELDWIDTHS}, read some records,
+and then restore the original settings (@pxref{Passwd Functions} for an
+example of such a function).
@node Multiple Line
@section Multiple-Line Records
diff --git a/field.c b/field.c
index 608be7d..de1bae5 100644
--- a/field.c
+++ b/field.c
@@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ fw_parse_field(long up_to, /* parse only up to this field
number */
* in practice.
*/
memset(&mbs, 0, sizeof(mbstate_t));
- while (nf < up_to) {
+ while (nf < up_to && scan < end) {
if (nf >= fw->nf) {
*buf = end;
return nf;
@@ -788,7 +788,7 @@ fw_parse_field(long up_to, /* parse only up to this field
number */
scan += flen;
}
} else {
- while (nf < up_to) {
+ while (nf < up_to && scan < end) {
if (nf >= fw->nf) {
*buf = end;
return nf;
@@ -1171,18 +1171,38 @@ set_FIELDWIDTHS()
if (*scan == '\0')
break;
- /* Detect an invalid base-10 integer, a valid value that
- is followed by something other than a blank or '\0',
- or a value that is not in the range [1..INT_MAX]. */
+ // Look for skip value. We allow N:M and N:*.
+ /*
+ * Detect an invalid base-10 integer, a valid value that
+ * is followed by something other than a blank or '\0',
+ * or a value that is not in the range [1..INT_MAX].
+ */
errno = 0;
tmp = strtoul(scan, &end, 10);
- if (errno == 0 && *end == ':' && (0 < tmp && tmp <= INT_MAX)) {
+ if (errno == 0 && *end == ':' && (0 < tmp && tmp <= UINT_MAX)) {
FIELDWIDTHS->fields[i].skip = tmp;
scan = end + 1;
+ if (*scan == '*')
+ goto got_star;
+ // try scanning for field width
tmp = strtoul(scan, &end, 10);
}
else
FIELDWIDTHS->fields[i].skip = 0;
+
+ if (*scan == '*') {
+ got_star:
+ for (scan++; is_blank(*scan); scan++)
+ continue;
+
+ if (*scan != '\0')
+ fatal(_("`*' must be the last designator in
FIELDWIDTHS"));
+
+ FIELDWIDTHS->fields[i].len = UINT_MAX;
+ FIELDWIDTHS->nf = i+1;
+ break;
+ }
+
if (errno != 0
|| (*end != '\0' && ! is_blank(*end))
|| !(0 < tmp && tmp <= INT_MAX)
diff --git a/test/ChangeLog b/test/ChangeLog
index 2942f7b..4b929c6 100644
--- a/test/ChangeLog
+++ b/test/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+2017-05-23 Arnold D. Robbins <address@hidden>
+
+ * Makefile.am (fwtest5, fwtest6): New tests.
+ * fwtest5.awk, fwtest5.in, fwtest5.ok, fwtest6.awk, fwtest6.in,
+ fwtest6.ok, fwtest7.awk, fwtest7.in, fwtest7.ok: New files.
+
2017-05-20 Arnold D. Robbins <address@hidden>
* noeffect.awk, noeffect.ok: Updated after code change.
diff --git a/test/Makefile.am b/test/Makefile.am
index 29de0b1..dd5f236 100644
--- a/test/Makefile.am
+++ b/test/Makefile.am
@@ -393,6 +393,15 @@ EXTRA_DIST = \
fwtest4.awk \
fwtest4.in \
fwtest4.ok \
+ fwtest5.awk \
+ fwtest5.in \
+ fwtest5.ok \
+ fwtest6.awk \
+ fwtest6.in \
+ fwtest6.ok \
+ fwtest7.awk \
+ fwtest7.in \
+ fwtest7.ok \
genpot.awk \
genpot.ok \
gensub.awk \
@@ -1232,7 +1241,8 @@ GAWK_EXT_TESTS = \
crlf dbugeval dbugeval2 dbugtypedre1 dbugtypedre2 delsub \
devfd devfd1 devfd2 dumpvars errno exit \
fieldwdth forcenum fpat1 fpat2 fpat3 fpat4 fpat5 fpat6 fpatnull \
- fsfwfs funlen functab1 functab2 functab3 fwtest fwtest2 fwtest3 fwtest4
\
+ fsfwfs funlen functab1 functab2 functab3 \
+ fwtest fwtest2 fwtest3 fwtest4 fwtest5 fwtest6 fwtest7 \
genpot gensub gensub2 gensub3 getlndir gnuops2 gnuops3 gnureops gsubind
\
icasefs icasers id igncdym igncfs ignrcas2 ignrcas4 ignrcase \
incdupe incdupe2 incdupe3 incdupe4 incdupe5 incdupe6 incdupe7 \
diff --git a/test/Makefile.in b/test/Makefile.in
index 91fb8d8..9d27170 100644
--- a/test/Makefile.in
+++ b/test/Makefile.in
@@ -651,6 +651,15 @@ EXTRA_DIST = \
fwtest4.awk \
fwtest4.in \
fwtest4.ok \
+ fwtest5.awk \
+ fwtest5.in \
+ fwtest5.ok \
+ fwtest6.awk \
+ fwtest6.in \
+ fwtest6.ok \
+ fwtest7.awk \
+ fwtest7.in \
+ fwtest7.ok \
genpot.awk \
genpot.ok \
gensub.awk \
@@ -1489,7 +1498,8 @@ GAWK_EXT_TESTS = \
crlf dbugeval dbugeval2 dbugtypedre1 dbugtypedre2 delsub \
devfd devfd1 devfd2 dumpvars errno exit \
fieldwdth forcenum fpat1 fpat2 fpat3 fpat4 fpat5 fpat6 fpatnull \
- fsfwfs funlen functab1 functab2 functab3 fwtest fwtest2 fwtest3 fwtest4
\
+ fsfwfs funlen functab1 functab2 functab3 \
+ fwtest fwtest2 fwtest3 fwtest4 fwtest5 fwtest6 fwtest7 \
genpot gensub gensub2 gensub3 getlndir gnuops2 gnuops3 gnureops gsubind
\
icasefs icasers id igncdym igncfs ignrcas2 ignrcas4 ignrcase \
incdupe incdupe2 incdupe3 incdupe4 incdupe5 incdupe6 incdupe7 \
@@ -4025,6 +4035,21 @@ fwtest4:
@AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
@-$(CMP) "$(srcdir)"/address@hidden _$@ && rm -f _$@
+fwtest5:
+ @echo $@
+ @AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
+ @-$(CMP) "$(srcdir)"/address@hidden _$@ && rm -f _$@
+
+fwtest6:
+ @echo $@
+ @AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
+ @-$(CMP) "$(srcdir)"/address@hidden _$@ && rm -f _$@
+
+fwtest7:
+ @echo $@
+ @AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
+ @-$(CMP) "$(srcdir)"/address@hidden _$@ && rm -f _$@
+
gensub:
@echo $@
@AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
diff --git a/test/Maketests b/test/Maketests
index 0c77f98..20b659e 100644
--- a/test/Maketests
+++ b/test/Maketests
@@ -1192,6 +1192,21 @@ fwtest4:
@AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
@-$(CMP) "$(srcdir)"/address@hidden _$@ && rm -f _$@
+fwtest5:
+ @echo $@
+ @AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
+ @-$(CMP) "$(srcdir)"/address@hidden _$@ && rm -f _$@
+
+fwtest6:
+ @echo $@
+ @AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
+ @-$(CMP) "$(srcdir)"/address@hidden _$@ && rm -f _$@
+
+fwtest7:
+ @echo $@
+ @AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
+ @-$(CMP) "$(srcdir)"/address@hidden _$@ && rm -f _$@
+
gensub:
@echo $@
@AWKPATH="$(srcdir)" $(AWK) -f address@hidden <
"$(srcdir)"/address@hidden >_$@ 2>&1 || echo EXIT CODE: $$? >>_$@
diff --git a/test/fwtest5.awk b/test/fwtest5.awk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be030ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest5.awk
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+BEGIN { FIELDWIDTHS = "2 3 4" }
+{ print NF }
diff --git a/test/fwtest5.in b/test/fwtest5.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c24c70e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest5.in
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+12
+12345
+123456789
+123456789abcd
diff --git a/test/fwtest5.ok b/test/fwtest5.ok
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d8164b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest5.ok
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+1
+2
+3
+3
diff --git a/test/fwtest6.awk b/test/fwtest6.awk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b36d75a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest6.awk
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# BEGIN { FIELDWIDTHS = "2 2 *" }
+BEGIN { FIELDWIDTHS = "2 2 * " }
+{ print NF, $1, $2, $3 }
+END { FIELDWIDTHS = "2 * 2" }
diff --git a/test/fwtest6.in b/test/fwtest6.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fea8d64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest6.in
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+1234abcdefghi
diff --git a/test/fwtest6.ok b/test/fwtest6.ok
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ba87f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest6.ok
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+3 12 34 abcdefghi
+gawk: fwtest6.awk:4: (FILENAME=- FNR=1) fatal: `*' must be the last designator
in FIELDWIDTHS
+EXIT CODE: 2
diff --git a/test/fwtest7.awk b/test/fwtest7.awk
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af424d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest7.awk
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+BEGIN { FIELDWIDTHS = "2 1:*" }
+{ print $1, $2 }
diff --git a/test/fwtest7.in b/test/fwtest7.in
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1accfe8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest7.in
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+abcdefghijklmn
diff --git a/test/fwtest7.ok b/test/fwtest7.ok
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c321c19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/fwtest7.ok
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+ab defghijklmn
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of changes:
ChangeLog | 7 +
doc/ChangeLog | 6 +
doc/gawk.info | 1413 +++++++++++++++++++----------------
doc/gawk.texi | 215 ++++--
doc/gawktexi.in | 215 ++++--
field.c | 32 +-
test/ChangeLog | 6 +
test/Makefile.am | 12 +-
test/Makefile.in | 27 +-
test/Maketests | 15 +
test/{fieldwdth.awk => fwtest5.awk} | 2 +-
test/fwtest5.in | 4 +
test/{reg/exp-eq.in => fwtest5.ok} | 1 +
test/fwtest6.awk | 4 +
test/fwtest6.in | 1 +
test/fwtest6.ok | 3 +
test/fwtest7.awk | 2 +
test/fwtest7.in | 1 +
test/fwtest7.ok | 1 +
19 files changed, 1176 insertions(+), 791 deletions(-)
copy test/{fieldwdth.awk => fwtest5.awk} (71%)
create mode 100644 test/fwtest5.in
copy test/{reg/exp-eq.in => fwtest5.ok} (75%)
create mode 100644 test/fwtest6.awk
create mode 100644 test/fwtest6.in
create mode 100644 test/fwtest6.ok
create mode 100644 test/fwtest7.awk
create mode 100644 test/fwtest7.in
create mode 100644 test/fwtest7.ok
hooks/post-receive
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