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Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v10 6/6] qcow2: Add full image preallocation opt
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From: |
Hu Tao |
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Subject: |
Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v10 6/6] qcow2: Add full image preallocation option |
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Date: |
Fri, 20 Jun 2014 16:25:14 +0800 |
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User-agent: |
Mutt/1.5.21 (2010-09-15) |
On Sat, Jun 14, 2014 at 10:37:33PM +0200, Max Reitz wrote:
> On 12.06.2014 05:54, Hu Tao wrote:
> >This adds a preallocation=full mode to qcow2 image creation, which
> >creates a non-sparse image file.
> >
> >Signed-off-by: Hu Tao <address@hidden>
> >---
> > block/qcow2.c | 90
> > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
> > tests/qemu-iotests/082.out | 54 ++++++++++++++--------------
> > 2 files changed, 107 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)
> >
> >diff --git a/block/qcow2.c b/block/qcow2.c
> >index 2e0b83c..8c87c1a 100644
> >--- a/block/qcow2.c
> >+++ b/block/qcow2.c
> >@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
> > #include "qemu/error-report.h"
> > #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
> > #include "qapi/qmp/qbool.h"
> >+#include "qapi/util.h"
> > #include "trace.h"
> > /*
> >@@ -1597,6 +1598,7 @@ static int qcow2_create2(const char *filename, int64_t
> >total_size,
> > QEMUOptionParameter *options, int version,
> > Error **errp)
> > {
> >+ QEMUOptionParameter *alloc_options = NULL;
> > /* Calculate cluster_bits */
> > int cluster_bits;
> > cluster_bits = ffs(cluster_size) - 1;
> >@@ -1626,10 +1628,78 @@ static int qcow2_create2(const char *filename,
> >int64_t total_size,
> > Error *local_err = NULL;
> > int ret;
> >+ if (prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE_FULL || prealloc ==
> >PREALLOC_MODE_METADATA) {
> >+ int64_t meta_size = 0;
> >+ unsigned nreftablee, nrefblocke, nl1e, nl2e;
> >+ BlockDriver *drv;
> >+
> >+ total_size = align_offset(total_size, cluster_size);
> >+
> >+ drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true);
> >+ if (drv == NULL) {
> >+ error_setg(errp, "Could not find protocol for file '%s'",
> >filename);
> >+ return -ENOENT;
> >+ }
> >+
> >+ alloc_options = append_option_parameters(alloc_options,
> >+ drv->create_options);
> >+ alloc_options = append_option_parameters(alloc_options, options);
> >+
> >+ /* header: 1 cluster */
> >+ meta_size += cluster_size;
> >+
> >+ /* total size of L2 tables */
> >+ nl2e = total_size / cluster_size;
> >+ nl2e = align_offset(nl2e, cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
> >+ meta_size += nl2e * sizeof(uint64_t);
> >+
> >+ /* total size of L1 tables */
> >+ nl1e = nl2e * sizeof(uint64_t) / cluster_size;
> >+ nl1e = align_offset(nl1e, cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
> >+ meta_size += nl1e * sizeof(uint64_t);
> >+
> >+ /* total size of refcount blocks
> >+ *
> >+ * note: every host cluster is reference-counted, including metadata
> >+ * (even refcount blocks are recursively included).
> >+ * Let:
> >+ * a = total_size (this is the guest disk size)
> >+ * m = meta size not including refcount blocks and refcount tables
> >+ * c = cluster size
> >+ * y1 = number of refcount blocks entries
> >+ * y2 = meta size including everything
> >+ * then,
> >+ * y1 = (y2 + a)/c
> >+ * y2 = y1 * sizeof(u16) + y1 * sizeof(u16) * sizeof(u64) / c + m
> >+ * we can get y1:
> >+ * y1 = (a + m) / (c - sizeof(u16) - sizeof(u16) * sizeof(u64) /
> >c)
> >+ */
> >+ nrefblocke = (total_size + meta_size + cluster_size) /
> >+ (cluster_size - sizeof(uint16_t) -
> >+ 1.0 * sizeof(uint16_t) * sizeof(uint64_t) / cluster_size);
> >+ nrefblocke = align_offset(nrefblocke, cluster_size /
> >sizeof(uint16_t));
> >+ meta_size += nrefblocke * sizeof(uint16_t);
> >+
> >+ /* total size of refcount tables */
> >+ nreftablee = nrefblocke * sizeof(uint16_t) / cluster_size;
> >+ nreftablee = align_offset(nreftablee, cluster_size /
> >sizeof(uint64_t));
> >+ meta_size += nreftablee * sizeof(uint64_t);
>
> Hm, you could use the function minimal_blob_size() from my
> "qemu-img: Implement commit like QMP" series. It calculates the
> minimal size required for an L1 table, the refcount table and all
> refcount blocks for an image with a given number of guest sectors
> and a given number of "overhead", which are clusters that should be
> covered by the refcount structures in addition to
> L1+Reftable+Refblocks. To use it here, you would have to use it
> probably like this:
>
> meta_size = (1 + minimal_blob_size(total_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
> cluster_bits, cluster_bits - BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, 1 + l2_clusters +
> (total_size >> cluster_bits)) + l2_clusters) << cluster_bits;
>
> The first parameter is the number of guest sectors; the second is
> cluster_bits; the third is parameter x, so that (1 << x) == number
> of sectors per cluster; and the fourth is the number of clusters
> which should be covered by the refcount structures in addition to
> L1+Reftable+Refblocks. These are the image header (1 cluster), the
> L2 tables (l2_clusters, which you'd have to calculate yourself (as
> you are already doing in this patch)) and the clusters for guest
> data (total_size >> cluster_bits).
>
> The function then returns the number of clusters required from
> L1+Reftable+Refblocks to which the image header cluster and the L2
> clusters have to be added to get the full metadata size.
>
> I'm suggesting you use this function (even though it's not merged
> yet, but fully reviewed), because I guess it's always likely to have
> some kind of small mistake in the size calculation for the refcount
> structures; and therefore it's better to have a single place where
> these mistakes can occur.
Thanks! I used minimal_blob_size() from your patch. But tests show that
the calculated meta size (and the image file size) is larger than the
number calculated from my patch and without patch(file size).
test command:
qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o preallocation=metadata delme.img 8588490000
result:
without patch:
Formatting 'delme.img', fmt=qcow2 size=8588490000 encryption=off
cluster_size=65536 preallocation='metadata' lazy_refcounts=off
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8590065664 Jun 20 15:02 delme.img
my patch:
Formatting 'delme.img', fmt=qcow2 size=8588490000 encryption=off
cluster_size=65536 preallocation='metadata' lazy_refcounts=off
meta_size: 1507328, 1507328
total_size: 8588492800, 8588492800
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8590065664 Jun 20 15:01 delme.img
using minimal_blob_size:
Formatting 'delme.img', fmt=qcow2 size=8588490000 encryption=off
cluster_size=65536 preallocation='metadata' lazy_refcounts=off
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8590131200 Jun 20 15:03 delme.img
I need to review minimal_blob_size() further.
>
>
> As for your own calculation code: You should round all structure
> sizes separately to full clusters (the L1 table, the L2 tables, the
> refcount table and the refcount blocks). Especially this makes the
> refcount structure size so "hard" to calculate (or at least
> error-prone), as this has to be considered for the recursive
> calculation you demonstrated in your comment.
>
> >+
> >+ set_option_parameter_int(alloc_options, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
> >+ total_size + meta_size);
>
> Wouldn't it suffice for preallocation=metadata to only allocate meta_size?
>
> If we allocate total_size + meta_size for metadata preallocation as
> well, both metadata and full preallocation are the same (as far as I
> can see). But if we only allocate meta_size, we have to rework
> preallocate(): This function really "allocates" the data clusters
> from qcow2's point of view, which means they are holes in the raw
> file whereas all metadata should ideally be contained in the blob
> sized meta_size at the start of the file and the rest should be
> completely unused.
>
> With the current preallocate(), we either have to allocate
> everything (including data), or can't guarantee (and it will in fact
> never happen) that all metadata clusters fit into the meta_size
> sized blob, because it creates a mixture of interleaved data and
> metadata. The only way I can think of to really fix this is to
> rework preallocate() so that it doesn't use the regular
> qcow2_alloc_cluster_offset() function anymore but fills all metadata
> tables by itself (which should not be too hard for a simple linear
> preallocation of everything) and places all data clusters behind the
> metadata blob.
>
> >+ if (prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE_FULL) {
> >+ set_option_parameter(alloc_options, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC, "full");
> >+ } else if (prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE_METADATA) {
> >+ set_option_parameter(alloc_options, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC,
> >"metadata");
> >+ }
>
> How about set_option_parameter(alloc_options, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC,
> PreallocMode_lookup[prealloc]); ?
>
> Max
>
> >+
> >+ options = alloc_options;
> >+ }
> >+
> > ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, options, &local_err);
> > if (ret < 0) {
> > error_propagate(errp, local_err);
> >- return ret;
> >+ goto out_options;
> > }
> > bs = NULL;
> >@@ -1637,7 +1707,7 @@ static int qcow2_create2(const char *filename, int64_t
> >total_size,
> > NULL, &local_err);
> > if (ret < 0) {
> > error_propagate(errp, local_err);
> >- return ret;
> >+ goto out_options;
> > }
> > /* Write the header */
> >@@ -1759,6 +1829,8 @@ out:
> > if (bs) {
> > bdrv_unref(bs);
> > }
> >+out_options:
> >+ free_option_parameters(alloc_options);
> > return ret;
> > }
> >@@ -1790,13 +1862,11 @@ static int qcow2_create(const char *filename,
> >QEMUOptionParameter *options,
> > cluster_size = options->value.n;
> > }
> > } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC)) {
> >- if (!options->value.s || !strcmp(options->value.s, "off")) {
> >- prealloc = PREALLOC_MODE_OFF;
> >- } else if (!strcmp(options->value.s, "metadata")) {
> >- prealloc = PREALLOC_MODE_METADATA;
> >- } else {
> >- error_setg(errp, "Invalid preallocation mode: '%s'",
> >- options->value.s);
> >+ prealloc = qapi_enum_parse(PreallocMode_lookup,
> >options->value.s,
> >+ PREALLOC_MODE_MAX, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF,
> >+ &local_err);
> >+ if (local_err) {
> >+ error_propagate(errp, local_err);
> > return -EINVAL;
> > }
> > } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL)) {
> >@@ -2359,7 +2429,7 @@ static QEMUOptionParameter qcow2_create_options[] = {
> > {
> > .name = BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC,
> > .type = OPT_STRING,
> >- .help = "Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)"
> >+ .help = "Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)"
> > },
> > {
> > .name = BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS,
> >diff --git a/tests/qemu-iotests/082.out b/tests/qemu-iotests/082.out
> >index 28309a0..5689802 100644
> >--- a/tests/qemu-iotests/082.out
> >+++ b/tests/qemu-iotests/082.out
> >@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -f qcow2 -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
> >@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
> >@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
> >@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -f qcow2 -o help,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
> >@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -f qcow2 -o ?,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
> >@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
> >@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
> >@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,help
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 128M
> >@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: create -o help
> >@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
> >@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
> >@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
> >@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o help,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
> >@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o ?,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
> >@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
> >@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
> >@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -O qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,help
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2 TEST_DIR/t.qcow2.base
> >@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -o help
> >@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> >@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> >@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k,? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> >@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o help,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> >@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o ?,cluster_size=4k TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> >@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o help TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> >@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=4k -o ? TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> >@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: amend -f qcow2 -o backing_file=TEST_DIR/t.qcow2,,help
> > TEST_DIR/t.qcow2
> >@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ backing_file File name of a base image
> > backing_fmt Image format of the base image
> > encryption Encrypt the image
> > cluster_size qcow2 cluster size
> >-preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata)
> >+preallocation Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, full)
> > lazy_refcounts Postpone refcount updates
> > Testing: convert -o help
- Re: [Qemu-devel] [PATCH v10 4/6] qapi: introduce PreallocMode and a new PreallocMode full., (continued)